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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
List the predisposing factors for aortic
dissection. |
1. HYPERTENSION [ 70-90% ]
2. Congenital cardiovascular disorders [ Aortic stenosis ] 5. Aortic manipulation / CAGS |
|
List the "associations" for aortic dissection.
|
1. Iatrogenic
[ post cardiac surgery / Balloon angioplasty for coarctation ] |
|
List the Anatomical Classification types of
aortic dissection. |
1. Stanford System [ A and B]
Type A = ascending aorta +/- descending aorta= 65-70%
L subclavian artery |
|
List the main CXR findings with aortic
dissection. |
1. Widening of superior mediastinum 50-75%
2. Dilatation of aortic arch 3. Loss of / obliteration of aortic knob 4. Left apical cap 5. L pleural effusion 6. Disparity of calibre between descending and ascending aorta. |
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List ALL the radiographic features suggesting aortic dissection.
|
1. Widening of superior mediastinum
[ 50-75%] successive CXR { * most specific sign } |
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Indications for Surgical repair of Type B Aortic Dissection?
|
** High mortality 1. Marfan's Syndrome2. Intractable pain 3. Intractable Hypertension 4. Leaking / rupture aorta 5. Ischaemic compromise of vital organs ( Major vessel involvement) |
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SHAKEM Notes Which of the following factS regarding thoracic dissection is correct ? A. Thoracic dissection is 4 x more common than AAA B. 45% of thoracic dissections are fatal within 24 hours. C. The In-Hospital mortality is 25% D. 65% dissections occur in females. |
C. A = 2-3 x more common than AAA B = 28% fatality within 24 hrs. D = Males |
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SHAKEM notes. which of the following facts is correct regarding thoracic dissection ? A. Patients who have inadvertent thrombolysis for thoracic dissection have 3 x mortality. B. 85% deaths are due to rupture C. 50% thoracic dissection rupture occurs into the pericardial sac. D. Chronic hypertension is present in 90% cases of thoracic dissection. |
B. A = 2 x mortality C = 70% D = 70% cases chronically hypertensive |
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Which of the following statistics regarding the physical findings in thoracic dissection is correct? A. Shock present in 25% B. Systolic BP differential present in 10% C. Hypertension present in 50% D. Pulse deficit present in 20% |
C. ( 49% to be precise) A = Shock is present in 18% B = Systolic BP differential present in 31% (1/3) D = Pulse deficit present in 15% |
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Which of the following statistics regarding the physical findings in thoracic dissection is incorrect? A. Hypertension present 49% cases B. New aortic insufficiency murmur present in 20% C. Neurological deficit present in 17% D. Systolic BP differential present in 31% |
B = New aortic insufficiency murmur present in 32% |
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Which Radiographical Statistic for Thoracic dissection is incorrect ? A. Mediastinal widening is present in 80% cases. B. Aortic arch changes are present in 50% cases. C. 10-20% CXR are normal. D. The most specific radiographic finding of thoracic dissection is the calcium sign. |
A = Mediastinal widening is present in 50-75% |
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Which of the following is correct regarding the ECG in thoracic dissection ? A. It is normal in 22% cases. B. The most common finding is a sinus tachycardia. C. STEMI features are present in 1% cases. D. Non specific ST-T wave changes do not occur. |
A. ECG is normal in 22% B = Most common finding is non specific ST-T wave changes C = STEMI features present in 3-7% D = they do. |
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List the risk factors for thoracic dissection in the young age group ( < 40 years). |
1. Marfans Syndrome (50%) 2. Hypertension ( 34% cases) 3. Bicuspid aortic valve 4. Prior aortic valve surgery 5. Pregnancy 6. Cocaine. |
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Which of the following Thoracic dissection types does not usually require Surgical intervention? A. Stanford type A B. DeBakey I C. DeBakey II D. DeBakey III |
D. As well as Stanford Type B. |