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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the properties of minerals?
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color
hardness luster (shiny/dull) streak (the mark it makes) magnetism size of the grains |
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What are the characteristics of Igneous rocks?
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form from melted rock
can be inside the earth (magma) can form on the earth's surface (lava) |
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What are the characteristics of Sedimentary rocks?
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form from sediment
sediment can be layered sedement can be in clumps |
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What are the characteristics of metamorphic rocks?
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-form from high temperature & pressure
-temperature isn't high enough to melt the rock |
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what happens when rocks change by melting & cooling?
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-Sedimentary becomes igneous
-metemorphic becomes igneous -igneous becomes another type of igneous |
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when rocks change when they become they are broken down and carried by water, wind & ice they. . .
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-Igneous becomes sedimentary
-metamorphic becomes sedimentary -sedimentary becomes another type of sedimentary |
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what happens when rocks change frompressure & heat?
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-sedimentary becomes metamorphic
-igneous becomes metamorphic -metamorphic becomes another type of metamorphic |
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what happens when water softens and weakens rock
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-water breaks down the rock itself
-sinkholes can form when the underground rock dissolves |
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what happens when oxygen combines with minerals in the rock?
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-when it combines withiron it forms iron oxide (rust)
-rust helps other weathering happen quicker |
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what are the physical changes water and ice cause?
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-rain in cracks freezes and expands
-stones in streams and oceans become smooth |
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what are the physical changes living things cause?
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-plants split rock
-animals dig |
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what are the physical changes wind causes?
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- picks up bits of rock
-rock chips as it hits other rock |
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What moves sediment?
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-water -wind- glaciers
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what are the types of soil?
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-sand (waters passes through, can be good for crops)
-silt -clay (holds nutrients, hard for plants to grow in clay) |
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What are the physical properties of soil?
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-Pratical size (sand-huge particles, silt medium, clay smallest)
-texture (how it feels, sand/rough, clay/smooth) -Color (dark/a lot of humus, light/little humus, minerals affect the color) |
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mountains form
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when plates collide
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most of the earth's crust
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is rock
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what does soil contain?
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-weathered rock
-humus -water & air between particles -most has layers (horizons) |
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What are the horizon layers?
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-topsoil (weathered rock, humus, dark color)
-subsoil (weathered rock particles & minerals) -bedrock (weathered rock particles & solid rock) |
