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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Interstitial lung disease are characterized by _______, ________, and variable degrees of ________.
lung injury, pulmonary inflammation, fibrosis
The classic example of fibrotic interstitial lung disease is IPF. What does IPF stand for?
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
IPF typically presents with progressive ________ and _________ usually in the ______ or _________ decade of life.
dyspnea, dry cough, sixth, seventh
What three things characterize Usual Interstitial Pneumonia?
1) thickened alveolar walls 2) extensive fibrosis 3) extreme abnormalities in alveolar architecture
What three things characterize Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia?
1) minimal fibrosis 2) alveolar inflammation 3) fullness of alveoli with macrophages
Clinically, IPF is associated with what four symptoms?
1) exertional dyspnea, 2) restrictive defect (low TLC) 3) hypoxemia on exercise and 4) tachypnea
True or false: There are several effective treatments for IPF.
false
Around __% of IPF patients die within five years from progressive respiratory failure.
50
Sarcoidosis is a chronic ________ interstitial lung disease.
granulomatous
Besides the liver, what other organs can sarcoidosis affect?
skin, eyes, liver, spleen, bones, muscles, and lymph nodes
What type of cell accumulates and forms granulomas in organs affected by sarcoidosis?
lymphocytes
What two symptoms do sarcoidosis patients usually present with?
cough and dyspnea
True or false: Sarcoidosis symptoms usually resolve spontaneously.
true
In sarcoidosis, a chest x-ray may reveal enlarged ________ lymph nodes.
hilar
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is pulmonary inflammation secondary to what?
immune reaction to inhaled organic dusts
What are the two most common antigens for hypersensitivity penumonitis?
moldy hay and bird droppings
How long after exposure do symptoms of acute type hypersensitivity pneumonitis present?
a few hours
True or false: Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis often manifests without clear relationship to exposure to the offending agent.
true
The main treatment for hypersensitivity pneumonitis is ___________.
avoidance of exposure to the offending agent
_____________ are a group of interstitial pulmonary diseases caused by inhalation of inorganic dusts.
pneumoconioses
Silicosis is caused by the inhalation of __________.
silicon dioxide (silica)
Inhalation of silica particles usually causes ________ and __________.
pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis
True or false: Many patients with silicosis have minimal symptoms and require no therapy.
true
Patients with silicosis are at increased risk for what other disease?
tuberculosis
The disease secondary to inhalation of asbestos fibers is called _______.
asbestosis
Large asbestos fibers that have penetrated the interstitial space and are coated with iron rich protein are called __________.
asbestos bodies
Besides diffuse pulmonary fibrosis, what other conditions are associated with asbestos inhalation?
pleural plaques, pleural effusion, and mesothelioma
True or false: Mesothelioma can be effectively treated and most patients survive.
false
What cancer is associated with inhalation of asbestos in people who are also cigarette smokers?
bronchogenic carcinoma
Carcinoma of the lung accounts for more than __________ deaths annually.
150,000
Pathologically, lung cancers are classified into which four groups.
1) squamous cell carcinoma 2) adenocarcinoma 3) large cell carcinoma and 4) small cell carcinoma
Lung cancers most often present with ________ and __________.
persistent cough and hemoptysis
The type of lung carcinoma in which most patients have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis is ________.
small cell carcinoma
Since there is such dichotomy in disease spread, lung cancers are usually classified as either __________ or _____________.
small cell carcinoma or non-small cell carcinoma
True or false: The main therapy for non-small cell carcinoma is chemotherapy.
false