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10 Cards in this Set

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Transition Metals have good catalytic properties because:



– There are two types?

They have variable oxidation states.



– Heterogeneous & Homogeneous.

A catalyst:
Speeds up the rate of a reaction by providing alternative reaction pathways with a lower activation energy without being used up in the reaction.
Heterogeneous catalysts:
Are in a different phase (physical state) to the reactants.
The reactions involving heterogeneous catalysts occur:
On the surface of the catalyst.
To increase the rate of reaction and effectiveness of the catalyst:



1) We can?


2) We can do this by?


3) An example is?

1) Increase the surface area of the catalyst.

2) We can do this by using a support medium.


3) Catalytic converters in cars use a thin layer of Rh coated on a ceramic support to reduce the amount of catalyst required.

There are 3 heterogeneous catalysts I need to know about:

1) Cr2O3 in the production of methanol.


2) Iron in the haber process.


3) V2O5 in the contact process.

Cr2O3 is the catalyst used:




1) in?


2) Equation

1) The production of Methanol (CH3OH) from Carbon Monoxide (CO) & Hydrogen (2H2).


2) CO + 2H2 --> CH3OH (catalyst on arrow)

Fe is the catalyst used:



1) In?


2) Equation?

1) The Haber process which is forming ammonia (2NH3) from Nitrogen (N2) & Hydrogen (3H2).

2) N2 + 3H2 --> 2NH3 (Fe catalyst on the arrow).

Vanadium (V) Oxide is the catalyst used:



1) In?


2) Equation?

1)The contact process which is how SO3 if formed from SO2 & 1/2O2.

2) It's a two step process


• V2O5 + SO2 --> SO3 + V2O4


• V2O4 + 1/2O2 --> V2O5.

Catalytic poisoning:



1) Is?


– This therefore...


2) Two examples are?


3) To prevent catalyst poisoning?

1) Where impurities bind to the surface of the catalyst.– This then prevents the reactants from being able to bind onto the surface and decreases the rate of reaction in addition to the yield, and this then costs the manafacturer money.2) Lead poisoning in catalytic converters & sulphur impurities in the haber process.3) Use purer reactants.