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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Database

organized collection of logicallyrelated data

Data

stored representations ofmeaningful objects and events

Information

data processed to increaseknowledge in the person using the data

Metadata

data that describes the propertiesand context of user data

Disadvantages of File Processing

Program-Data Dependence


All programs maintain metadata foreach file they use




Duplication of Data


Different systems/programs haveseparate copies of the same data




Limited Data Sharing


No centralized control of data




Lengthy Development Times


Programmers must design their ownfile formats




Excessive Program Maintenance


80% of information systems budget

The DATABASE Approach

Central repository of shared data




Data is managed by a controllingagent




Stored in a standardized,convenient form

Database Management System

Asoftware system that is used to create, maintain, and provide controlled accessto user databases

Datamodels

Graphicaldiagram capturing nature and relationship of data

Entities

Nounform describing a person, place, object, event, or concept




Composedof attributes

RelationalDatabases

Databasetechnology involving tables (relations) representing entities andprimary/foreign keys representing relationships

Data modeling and design tools

Automatedtools used to design databases and application programs. These tools help withcreation of data models and in some cases can also help automatically generatethe “code” needed to create the database.

Repository

acentralized knowledge base for all data definitions, data relationships, screenand report formats, and other system components.

DBMS

A software system that is used tocreate, maintain, and provide controlled access to databases

Application programs

Interact with the database toprovide functionality of use for the company

user interface

Includes languages, menus, and otherfacilities by which users interact with various system components

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Integrates all enterprise functions(manufacturing, finance, sales, marketing, inventory, accounting, humanresources)

Data Warehouse

Integrated decision support systemderived from various operational databases

SQL

Structured Query Language

RDBMS

Relational Database Management Systems




Adatabase management system that manages data as a collection of tables in whichall relationships are represented by common values in related tables

Catalog

Aset of schemas that constitute the description of a database

Schema

Thestructure that contains descriptions of objects created by a user (base tables,views, constraints)

DataDefinition Language (DDL)

Commandsthat define a database, including creating, altering, and dropping tables andestablishing constraints

DataManipulation Language (DML)

Commandsthat maintain and query a database

DataControl Language (DCL)

Commandsthat control a database, including administering privileges and committing data

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