307 Final : Aggression & Violence

Front 1

Who developed Bobo doll experiment?

Back 1

Albert Bandura

Front 2

What happened in Bobo doll experiment?

Back 2

group of preschool children watched adults display aggression towards inflatable Bobo doll; kicking, punching, hitting w/ malette, throwing across room

Front 3

Findings of Bobo doll experiment

Back 3

1. aggressive behavior in children who watched aggression in adults = significantly higher than those in control group

2. imitated aggression on doll

3. WE IMITATE THINGS IN OUR ENVIRONMENT THAT ARE REINFORCED

Front 4

a person who commits an action that intentionally hurts another

Back 4

aggression

Front 5

develops when children understand they can distress another and they can make another do something they desire when distressed

Back 5

aggression

Front 6

how do children display aggression shortly after birth?

Back 6

vigorous cries

crying when other babies cry

Front 7

2 significant tasks of younger children

Back 7

1. learning to control aggression/anger

2. developing empathy

Front 8

directed in order to obtain an item/toy

Back 8

instrumental aggression

Front 9

children ages ( what to what ) increasingly show instrumental aggression towards siblings

why?

Back 9

1-2

concerned about ownership over belongings

Front 10

__ more likely to hit kick push or threaten to hurt others to obtain toys; influenced by socialization & practices (rough & tumble play

Back 10

boys

Front 11

harming one another in form of hurting each other's feelings, withholding friendship or exclusion from a group

Back 11

relational aggression

Front 12

relational aggression displayed more by __

- same effect as ___ aggression

- until age 4, girls may show the same amount of physical aggressiveness as boys

Back 12

girls

instrumental

Front 13

because of social expectations girls are hostile in other ways; less visible to ___ , indirect and less..

- may use intimate bonds and information on friends as weapons against each other

- motivating factors include:

Back 13

adults

indirect & less physical

fear, power, control, popularity, security

Front 14

type of aggression

'person oriented,' aimed @ hurting another for revenge or establishing dominance; helps the aggressor obtain possessions

Back 14

hostile aggression

Front 15

a learned aggressive behavior; can be both direct (instrumental) and indirect (relational)

- can be physical sexual verbal or emotional

Back 15

bullying

Front 16

ongoing, unprovoked physical or psychological abuse of a person by one student or a group of students which develops into a pattern of abuse & harassment; causes physical injury or mental trauma

Back 16

bullying

Front 17

Who developed social learning theory?

Back 17

Bandura

Front 18

theory

behavior is learned by direct observation & reinforcements or rewards which will increase chances of one to imitate behavior

Back 18

social learning theory

Front 19

major aspects of social learning through observation

Back 19

1. availability

2. attention

3. memory

4. motor reproduction process

5. motivation

Front 20

desirable consequences follow from use of spanking, untoward consequences result from not spanking & responsible parenting includes punishment

Back 20

pro-corporal punishment

Front 21

no spanking --> scare tactics

Back 21

anti corporal punishment

Front 22

effects of spanking aren't necessarily negative or positive - depends on other conditions

Back 22

conditional corporal punishment

Front 23

what is fundamental for developing empathy?

Back 23

understanding emotions of others

Front 24

regulating oneself begins in ___; babies sooth themselves by sucking on pacifier

- reading caregiver's face @ 6 or 7 months of age guides their behavior in certain situations

Back 24

infancy

Front 25

two ways adults can help child develop empathy

Back 25

positive reinforcement

direct instruction from adults

Front 26

achieved in early childhood when both social & emotional sphere are highly developed

Back 26

socio-emotional competence

Front 27

proposes that a hierarchial social structure is formed in order to control conflict, one group will be dominant & another group will subordinate to them

Back 27

dominance hierchy

Front 28

consistent punishment ...

inconsistent punishment...

Back 28

suppresses behavior

causes more aggression

Front 29

using reason to control aggression

- intervene w/ aggressive behavior to explain

Back 29

cognitive training

Front 30

__ __ believed that children can feel empathy with others at any age & will develop as child grows & matures

Back 30

martin hoffman

Front 31

how many stages of empathy?

Back 31

4

Front 32

1st stage:

2nd :

3rd :

4th :

Back 32

first year

age 2

early childhood years

ages 6 - 9

Front 33

purposely displaying positive pro social behavior w/ which you want to follow

Back 33

explicit modeling and induction

Front 34

adults explain to children how behavior is beneficial for that child & for others; helping others; feeling "grown up"

Back 34

explicit modeling & induction

Front 35

learn to be aggressive due to rewards

- connected w/ social learning view

Back 35

rewarding aggression

Front 36

rewards may not be tangible but are psychological...

3

Back 36

1. victims giving in / crying

2. paying more attention to behavior

3. laughing @ aggression

Front 37

boys are aggressive because association w/ societal reinforcement...describe boy/ father relationship

Back 37

fathers are joyful when sons act aggressively, so sons feel satisfied knowing they're pleasing fathers