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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the different types of liquid oral medications. |
Solution, syrup, elixir, suspension, emulsion |
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What is a solution? |
Drug is dissolved in water |
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What is a syrup? |
Drug is in a homogenous, sugar-based solution |
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What is an elixir?
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Drug is dissolved in alcohol and sweetened |
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What is a suspension? |
Drug is suspended in water |
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What is an emulsion? |
Drug is inside an oil |
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What are enteric-coated tablets used for? |
Enteric-coated tablets prevent the tablet from dissolving before it reaches the duodenum and can be used to deliver acid-labile drugs orally. |
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What is the main advantage of sublingual and buccal tablets? |
They bypass the hepatic circulation, preventing the first pass effect. |
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What is the main advantage of transdermal medication? |
The drug bypass the hepatic circulation, preventing the first pass effect. |
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What is the main requirement for a drug to be given transdermally? |
It must be lipophilic. |
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Name some drugs which are given transdermally. |
Oestrogen, nicotine, melatonin, organic nitrates and analgesic drugs |
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Name some drugs which are given intravaginally. |
Oestrogen creams to treat vaginal atrophy in menopause, antifungals to treat bacterial vaginosis. |
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What are the advantages of rectal medications? |
They can be given to patients where oral administration is impossible or contraindicated. It can also treat local problems in the rectum. Drugs will also bypass the first-pass effect. |
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Name some drugs which are given as ophthalmic solutions, suspensions or ointments. |
Antibiotics, parasympathomimetics, beta blockers. |
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Name some drugs which are given as nasal drops or nasal spray. |
Peptide hormones like oxytocin and vasopressin, decongestants, steroids. |
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What is the main advantage of using subcutaneous administration? |
Drugs are absorbed slowly, which gives the drug a sustained effect. |
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Name some drugs which are given as an inhalation |
Drugs to treat asthma and COPD, like beta agonists, parasympatholytics, etc.
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