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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Romantisim
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About emotion. More about feeling than detail. Monochrome color and more about what-s going on.
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Theodore Gericault
The Raft of the Medusa 1818-1819 oil on canvas Big picture, so it's important. Usually history scenes of antiquity were done as large historical paintings but this was a recent scandal at the time. Numerous French colonies in Africa. French captain ran griund with ship called Medusa. 15 survived three weeks at sea. They resorted to cannibalism of the dead. France was horrified they would go so far. They condidered themselves a polite and civilized society. Captain was a political friend of king who didn't know what he was doing, thats why he ran ground. He got a great job because was the king's buddy despite not being qualified. People were pissed when this was revealed in newspapers because it meant politcal curruption that caused a completely preventable accident. The lighting suggest early morning or late afternoon. Triangles in composition. While thing contained in triangle. Feelings. Scary and upsetting, horrified empathy. Tension because there's a boat and we're caught post-action. Adds that twist to make it romantic. Old man holding onto body of dead son, he's in deep despair. Facing opposite way. Others scrabbling to survive. Tiny ship is being waved down by people waving clothes to catch attention. Man is gawking and pointing. Cresendo of hope. African man waving, the hero, because equality. Currupt white men caused this situation and black man saved them. Telling viewers to look inside themselves and think about their prejudice. He was first to argue and expose social wrong and telling viwers to recalculate their values. Ask what people should do about a currupt system that allowed this. Dark waves light makes halo. |
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Eugene Delacroix
Liberty Leading the People (28th July 1830) 1830 Oil on canvas Mini revolution 1830 "Three glorious days" thats how long it was. Result was constitutional monarchy where people had a say. Towers of Notre Dome telling you it's Paris. Bits of wood and whatever could be grabbed formed a barracade to fight behind. Vitorious young boy with pistols, energetic and brave. Casual black worker commoner. Weathy man dressed up and cleanly shaven. Fighting side by side because of their same same beliefs. Everyone working to overhrow injusice. Barebreasted peraonification of liberty. Leading fight against tyranny. She is now the logo of the republic of France. This guy kinda invents the isea of putting a face on France. Now it's refered to as a female. |
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J.M.W Turner
Slavers Throwing Overvoard the Dead and Dying 1840 Oil on canvas Not clean or crisp detail. Expressionism. Romantist artist leave their mark with visible brush stroke to communicate emotion. Makes you feel something. Waves crashing against ship storm. Pink sky in morning means a bad storm. Furious waves. Captain does all the right tricks. Ship is carying cargo so it's much harder to sail. Human cargo. Offloading cargo to help ship. Slaves being brought from African to plantations, floating in water. Captain doesn't have moral compass . Black human cargo is just like tobacco or tea cargo that wouldve been thrown over in the same situation. Means slavory is evil. Slavory was outlawed in Britian. He was saying slave owners are evil and valueless, emphasised by slaves being thrown away to protect white slavers. Sky is reflecting in water. Slaves flailing in dark, going to die. Painting about values. Sky and water blendes together. Romanticism makes you think about values. Brush strokes and drama. Self reflextion. Challenging viewers about position of slavery. About human beings and how they treat each other. Useing art to make people change. New thing. |
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Edourd Manet
Olympia 1863 Oil on canvas Painter was well off. Was supposed to be lawyer but hated it. Then sea admiral. Wanted to be artist and was able to travel around Europe and study grat artist. Loved Velazquez. Took color, dark background. mixed with contrast of lights. Taught himself how to paint by going to the Louve and trying to copy the masters. Loved art of the past but loved Realism. Straight-forward conservative but artistically radical. Nude woman on beautiful white linen sheets and embroidered shawl, what ladies wore outside. It sets off her skin. Necklace with ribbon and pearl. Very fashionable slip ons. Earings flower - Camilla. Black cat hissing. Servant bringing flowers, looking at mistress. She doesn't pay attention but looks at viewer. Cat hisses at us as if we just walked in. She was expecting us. High class prostitute. High class men had mistresses that they took care of. Open secret. There were seperate parties with wives then with mistresses. He didn't have one but it was part of his world. Similar painting The Benus of Urbino as inspiration, Titian. Prostitute is like a contemporary benus of love. This woman was a model who was posing as prostitute. The taste of this time was not to show the artist mark but to have smooth lines and details. HE leave a mark. Treats white with many varations and hues giving texture and richness. This is a real woman. Olympia was word for high class prostitute. This was so shocking because it was a secret everyone knew but no one talked about they wondered why he would do it. He said he painted what he saw not what others wanted to see. He paints a proud woman and confident in herself. With all these gifts that show who she is. Camilla symbolizes youthfull and beauty that doesn't last. Flowers from admirer. Server woman is not impotant but provides contrast. Her mistress is also a servant. Contrast them as servants of different lifestyles. |
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Realism
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Idea but what's really happening. Whatever had to be in painter's face. Depicting what"s really there.
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Claude Monet and Impression
Gave impressionalism its name. A scathing reviwer took the name and said that the artist at an exhibit were impressionalst. Impressism is something that doesn't hang around long, like the sunset. Makes realism personal. Takes models of past or contrast of light and dark or variation in white. Equal subjects matter what society doean't want to talk about makes it all personal. Brush strokes real subject what he sees. Captures brief moment in time. Captures it. Its what he saw, not other perseptions of it. Uses colors to show Sun on water. Color next to color with short brush strokes with no gradiation. Each is a single mark. He did it the way he wanted to. People in boats, no idea what else about them, the people weren't really important. Loves scenes outdoors |
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Claude Monet
Water Lilies 1910s - 1926 Oil on Canvas Does not feel obligated to cover up all the canvas. Much looser style. Big bold strokes. Reflections on waters. Lilies with flowers. Old man doesn't worry anymore, totally inernalized and is comforted by movement. Real bad cataracts and can't see well anymore. Minage of color and light eventually. All about artist huge canvas. All about how artist sees himself and sees other things. |
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Berthe Morisot
Summer's Day 1879 Oil on canvas She was a woman, so she could only paint outside in the parks or inside the home. That's what proper high class women did. To paint men doing manly things would not be appropriate for a woman of her class. She painted what she saw. Women stopped painting after children but she didn't. She never stopped. She painted women in park. Two women enjoying boat ride. Lake in park in Paris. They're not doing the hard work, just enjoying being outzide. Ducks. Slash brush strokes don't mix. Women are appropriately dressed. Kept her face from sun with umbrella. Lace gloves. Sun coming down ans dissolvinf object's details. Prception of what sun does. |
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Avant-garde
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Before. Griup of army that goes before and scopes out place. Way ahead, changinf the way artist thought about technique and subject matter and how hwy can worn together.
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Mary Cassatt
Mother and Child 1890 Oil on Canvas Witchit Art Museum Mother sitting in home looking out window cuddling the child. Mother soaking in the moment of being with her child. Very naturalistic in that the child is being grabby and toying with her mother's face. Afternoon dress being dissolved into composition. Raw canvas, inspired by Monet. He just wasn't worried aboyt painting the edges, she actually made it a part of the painting within the dress. Strong brush strokes. Carefree but planned. It's clearly her mark. We can identify everything just by an idea we might not be able to perfectly identify it. Take female point of view and work with it. Make the view her own. Not deading with limited subject matter. |
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Edgar Degas
The Little Fourteen Year Old Dancer Mixed Media Sculpture Bronze, partly tinted, cotton skirt, satin hair ribbon on wooden base 1879-80 Ballet was not really glamorous since it was hard on the dancers. They had to work very hard for higher salaries. Country girls were sent by families to help support them and get picked up by a patron. Worker bees. Not yet a woman. Standing in undignified way, she's a little girl so she's kinda gangly. They were called little rats. Why put her in bronze like ancient heros and gods? She's an unnamed girl of no importance. And puts on a real tool skirt. Puts real ribbon on back. He never showed sculpure again because people hated this. Hard labor and disrespect is what this girl is subjected to whether she wanted it or not. Upward glance shows optimism. First example of mixed media. Bottice is painted bronze. |
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Post-Impreassionism
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Artiat started wih imlressionalism but didnt fewl they had anything to add. Weent anti just felt thwy has other solutions.
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Parents were cousins. His legs stopped growimg after a childhood fall. Found friends with circus preformers, ect. Made advertising posters. Many commissioned him to do advertising. Jane Avril was enticing. Can-can. Dance of bearing what women normally wouldnt show. You could sometimes see what was underneath. Took lesson from Degas. Diagnal. Instrument. Hair on fingers. Different parts of stage. Bright colors and flat.
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George Seurat
A Sunday on La Grande Jatte 1884-86 oil on canvas Begins as impressionist and he didnt like it because it'ss personal and in the moment. He was interesed in universal and lasting. Developed pointalism or post-impressionism. He also didn't blend colors but by putting little dots next to each other and making us see different colors. He clearly studdied color theory. Small dashes or dots. Because he didn't blend colors just like the old dogs so he put them next to each other. Amazing social commentary when Sunday was declared a day of rest in French law. This was a social law to stabilized physical and mental health along with family health. They figured they could go to the park or something, since they couldn't work. Go in their boats and play trumphets and mix classes. They're sitting on the grass which was new. Family. couples with their pets. Kids playing. The actual park was filthy and gross. He's not a realist. Hes maybe making fun of Parisians or painting optimistic idealic landscape of what it could be. |
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Paul
startes impressionaliam and susnt like it. atart3d doung landscapes. All is framed wih tree branches. Behins to feometrices what is scwne. its flattenwd out. Farm plots are perfect zquaees buislings are cubes. Flat buts of color. New way of sweung. |
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Male Reliqury Figure
19th century Gabon or Democratic Republic of Congo; Ambete Wood, pigment, metal, cowrie shells Used to sit on something that contained the bones of ancestors. Powerful gaurdian. Geometricized. Everything broken down to elemental bits. Artist and Matisse weren't interested in history but in the look of the figure. They like how it was an abstraction of humans. |
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Pablo Picasso
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon Paris June-July 1907 Oil on canvas Large painting so it's important. Matisse and Picasso had a fall out over this painting, matisse didn't get it. Most people didn't get it. Pablo abstracted into shapes and colors. Everything is segmented in the body from legs to groin to torso. Flattenes figure into triangles and cirlces. Uses mask for reference material in faces. Woman sits down while her face turns all the way around. The name means the young ladies of d'Avigon. The women who live and work on the street in his hometown. The red light district. Overtly presenting themselves in a brothel. He uses mask because they're not acting who they really are. They don't have to be themselves and get emotionally involved. They're faking it and being in this role. Lasting permanent universal quality. Logic. |
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Pablo Picasso
Ma Jolie (My Pretty One) Paris 1911-12 Oil on canvas Pablo and another artist invented abstract art, cubusm. Analetical cubism, this is Ma Jolie (My Peetty One). Pablo never fully abstractd women, here wrre atill bis and pieces in rhere. He has torally and completely flattenes rhe pucture. Were seeing this drom the other side flattebed fire bits thrown around geometricied. monochrome cooor for the flatness. Type in there. Just about the form despite personal jokes. How much can you absrracr. BEAQUE was the artist he worked with. |
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Pablo Picasso
Glass and Bottle of Suze 1912 Pasted paper, gouache, and charcoal. Constantly devw eloping to figure thinfs out. Decided to put hings into the surface. Cur ip news paper and glued it on. Collage was invented. Synthetic Cubism. Same idea but cutting out ahapes and adding real stuff onto there. Wallapaper and newspapers. Curs out articles about political unewst, as WWI seeds are planted. He pasted diffewnt shapes of that with a Zuze bottle which was INCREDIBLY strong. You could drink a glass with friends and discuss the news. This is like a still life. |
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Henri Matisse
The Blue Nude 1907 Oil on Canvas group cakked the wild beast he was a propr family manqho paint3d l8kw a wild man. disregarded realistic color. He changed color while pablo changed shapes. The color vibrates. Not about nature but exploring rationahip of cooor. Interested in segmenting. Like pieces you fit together to make a figure. intersted in color geeen violas with pop purple. How does body look and how can you make a bild statnentbwith coooe. He was interested in space and shape. He is painting how he sees or wants to see things. |
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Marsden Hartley
Portrait of a German Officer 1914 Oil on canvas WWI was allies getting mad and dividing and fighting. This is about the was. He met with German sokdier was gay knww peoplw like picasso. Openly gay. He cardd for Karl von Freyburg. They had perades because they thought Germany would win quickly but he died quickly. This painting is al aymbols, not what he looks like. Abstraction geometeuced beinging ketters and numbers flattwning it. Irs a portrait but its about who he is not what he looks like. Vibrant colors and way of orgabizing. Karls initials at bottom. He was calvery officer age 24 in there. Incifnia for rank. plums from helmet. Letter W because Edmund was hus given name though hebecer used it. this e was at the heart of he fifure. Refreence of unite. iron cross is highest honor of soldier awarserd to him abfter death thats head of fifure. german flag and bugarian flag wgere he was from. He was an avid cheat player. learned lessons from analeticak cubism but went in othwr direction. |
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Marcel Duchamp
1917 porcelain urinal Photographer: Alfred Stieglitz Dadaism. They hated the war and it made no snee and people just died. Emphasis on eationalitu and landscapes in aet didnt mattrr. the6 explored irrationality in art. its a disilllusionment with the war. he was an impressionalistthen dabbled with vu ism hut kept getting rejectes. He got pissed and decided to get even. He entetered this poece undrr the name of R Mutt, popular cartoon charachter. This is raken kut of original conect. its turned on its side so cant be used as ewgular urenaol.Went to plumbing place and bought it, wrote on it. enrered it. he said he was the artist and got to say what the art is not what other people said was art if he said it was art he was art. this changed everything. no one had before said the artist decides what art is. it u leashes artist crwativity so they start doing what they want to do. the original is lost. |
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De Stijl
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destiji
curves are sensual ns emotional. emotion rational thought. primary colors becauwe theyee puee. different shades of nwutral colors. horizontal and verticak lines. elimitnate diagonals andcurvea. get ride of repeesentional inages. ultimate balance. |
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Meret Oppenheim
Object Fur-covered cup and spoon 1936 challenge rrom picasso. He didnt unsrrstand suurrealism. she said the codfe cup coukd be surrealist, they werw at a coffee shop. he told her to prove it so she covered it in chinese giselle fur. expensive fur. you dont want ro ise this for food. the purpose of this object has been subverted. its expensive but it cant be used anymore. |
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Alexander Calder
Lobster Trap and Fish Tail hanging mobile of painted steel wire and sheet aluminum 1939 didnt want to be artist because hia parents were rtist and thata what they wanted. he wanted to be engineer but juat had to di art it was in his blood. went to paria in avant garde scene. coldir likea making stuff. loved making thinfs and 3d. he questioned fundimentals. he didnt want to be a sculpture. usually 3d was placed on wall or allway around. he decidd what if it hangs rrom wall he played with wires. hangs things from ciwling which changes up basic fundimenrals. then decides since it usually doesnr move, he shouls make it move. usually its just an illuaion of movemwnt. used clips and wirws cewating designs that move. big on dada which was random. he loved things happening in random fashion. ue shod make sxulptuew random. so thia thing hanfing feom ceili g would move with wind displaced air cauaea thia thing to move in random waya. invented mobiles because monile was dewnxh world for mobile novement. he invented it. it suggest actual lobater tail and fish. ans reap. is the lobster going to bw caught bin net.you wrewnr auposed to swe anything in the shapes. viwer involmwnt bexause their walking cUaws it ro move. uts all new. |
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Pablo Picasso
Guernica 1937 Oil on canvas pablo guernica. moved out of cubism and was working through things. he was suffering writwrs block and eead a stoy about a civil war related event in his native town of spain. dacist vs social/communist, faciat aligned with nazis, and thus hitler. germans wanted to test firebomb. it destroys what it hits and sets it on fire. so feanco allowed germans to bomb a littlw town called guernica. marketday sunny day . everything was destroyed. this only hapoened because they wanted to test their wwapons. it was a tiny town no one knew about ao it was allowd. picaso found out 3 days later. he painted it. comissions by ewpublican faction of apain for pavikkion. picasso had trouble honking what it ahould be until this event hapoened. ita livesonf to homland memorial and warning to never ket ir happen.lot of geometricak shapes. everything is flat. plays with elwments of face and plaxing thwm incoreextly. iconic inages he didnt see but inagined to represent horrir. human figure trapped in burning house. woman with lifht. owople ruahinf. horse impaled. woman with dead baby. fallen wareior with broken sword that had impaled hoese. bull raises his tail so hes about to fart or crap which is a strong scent. newspaper artivles of what had haopened. he painted it. all black and white. monochrome grime. pictures were only black and white. picture newspaper its like eeporting but more universal. also universal example of genocise and suffering and injustice. he said this could never be shown in soain until they had a democracy. it teaveled andas shown to amrica to get them to pick sides. meant for it to be moving to make them feel and think. and it was anti facist everyone knww story. he refused to say it was scripted. |
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Jacob Lawrence During the World War There Was a Great Migration North by South Negroes Casein tempera ob hardboard 1940-41 Dyanmix Cubism. post WWII Durope is devestated. ameica gas vibeant economy. america becomes a superpower. art capitol vecomes new york rather than paris. pwople took european avant garde and put america twist on it. thia guy was part of the harlem reneciasse. made seriea of paintings with 30 paintings. they ahow african amwricans were migrated from south to north because there were more oppurtunities there. they were going to st louis and not coming back 9n that teain. theme that touched all afeicana merixans. it was part of everyones legacy. he atudied in paris and met picasso. its all fla, emphasis on sjape. careful color paltte. masrer at composiutuon. he wants you to deel the mass koving. ita a 3 the perfect design unit. its simple bit complex. he doesnt show faces. tgis is abiut african america expirence not individual expirience. haelem eenezaanc was to sing the aeixan anerican exlirence no atter the expirience. neutral expressions. |
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Willem de Kooning
Woman , I 1950-52 Oil on Canvas large paimtimgs. Woman I, dis a whole sries. not really absteacr moew like expeessioniatic. brish str9kes weem like statmwnts. its a slash of paint. ira emotion out inro brush atroke. feature becomes part of qhat artist are doing. al about geatire of aetist. artiat are left on canvas from their art. monet helped this but he likes momentni. time while this guy likes universal female. he loved beuty and fashion magazines and cut oiut pictures. he cut out he moutha ofodels. fake amiles from fashion magazines. huge eyes never blink. huge breast that overtake her body. hands dusenferfrade.feroxious and scary and dangerous. feet look like roots. skirt is samony green pink and feminine. this is he woman of ones dreams. theyrw dealing with unconcious. represent more and elemental. he plays with fears and concerns. doesnt have to be rational. he paints his fear. it involves the faknesss and sanger of women. |
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Jackson Pollock
Autumn Rhythm (Number 30) 1950 Enamel on Canvas interested in subconcious but also featuee of paint. revent oaintings theough dwlivery. he took it down and out it in the floor. liked big epic prortions. he used a brush to fling paint. ir drip aometimes poured. always smoked when painted and sometimes it got in it. be walked all over canvas constant movemeny. he kiked numberseathwr than names because it meant they didnt eepresent anything. he wa sfine with paint going where ever but theres organzarion. use of black and briwn and blue. one red dot. teying to express feelings rather than illusteatinf them. the act of painti g was important as the result. somwtimes ha represe tarion but its subliminal. if you wee images it was subliminal. |
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Degas
Dancers Practicing at the Bar 1877 Mixed Media on canvas Young dancers stretching on bar before practice. Diagnals in composition inspired by ukiyo-e. Diagnal in bar, floor, and with legs. Water bucket mimicks dancer's position, forms diagnal, and takes up space and fits contextually because water was used for the chalky air at ballets. Bucket also points to his signature. Brush atrokes are obvious but he's not afraid of blending. |
