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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Accessory |
A piece of equipment not directly attached to the boiler but necessary for its safe and efficient operation |
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Bimetallic Steam Trap |
- A steam trap in which a temperature-sensitive bimetallic element controls a small discharge valve - common that an oil filled element expands when heated to close a valve against a seat. - It may be possible to adjust the discharge temperature of the trap, often between 60 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius. |
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Blowdown Separator |
A small tank in which makeup water is added to the boiler blowdown water after it flashes in order to reduce the discharge water temperature |
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Blowdown Heat Recovery System |
Equipment that is installed to reclaim heat that is normally lost during the continuous blowdown process |
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Blowdown Tank |
A tank that cools blowdown water and steam to protect sewer lines from the high pressure and temperature of the blowdown water |
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Condensate Return Tank |
An accessory that collects condensate returned from heating units |
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Condensing Steam Turbine |
- A steam turbine that allows condensate to be reclaimed for use in the system - commonly used on medium to large units and operate with an exhaust pressure of 26 in. Hg to 29 in. Hg vacuum. |
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Convection Superheater |
A superheater that receives heat from convection currents in the gases of combustion |
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Desuperheater |
An accessory used to remove heat from superheated steam to make it suitable for a process (such as turning it into saturated steam). |
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Drum Desuperheater |
- A desuperheater that routes steam back through coils of submerged piping within the steam drum - mainly used in ships. |
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Extraction Steam |
Steam that is removed from the turbine at a controlled pressure after it has passed through some of the turbine stages |
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Flash Steam |
The steam created when water at a high temperature experiences a sudden drop in pressure |
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Flash Tank |
A tank used with a continuous blowdown system to recover the flash steam from the water being removed during blowdown |
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Float Thermostatic Steam Trap |
- A steam trap that contains a thermostatic bellows or other thermostatic element and also contains a steel ball float connected to a discharge valve by a linkage - a valve is connected to a float in such a way that a valve opens when the float rises - adapts very well to varying conditions as is the best choice for modulating heat exchangers, but the float steam trap is relatively expensive and not very robust against water hammers. - these traps are generally used in plants with pressures up to 125 psi |
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Inverted Bucket Steam Trap |
- A steam trap that contains an inverted bucket connected to a discharge valve - This type of trap has no condensate backup - in this steam trap a leverage system multiplies the force provided by the bucket to open a valve against the pressure.. - the bucket is open at the bottom and robust against water hammers. |
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Line Desuperheater |
- A desuperheater that injects feedwater into a superheated steam line to reduce the steam temperature - typically used in conjunction with a pressure-reducing station - uses one or more nozzles to inject a fine spray of feedwater into the superheated steam absorbing its heat and then turns to steam itself, thus reducing the temperature |
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Moisture Separator |
A device placed in a wet steam line used to remove entrained water droplets |
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Noncondensing Steam Turbine |
- A steam turbine that exhausts at atmospheric pressure or above - normally used in steam plants that require large amounts of low-pressure process or heating steam. - have no condensate return |
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Radiant Superheater |
A superheater that is directly exposed to the radiant heat of the boiler |
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Saturated Steam |
Steam that is in equilibrium with water at the same temperature and pressure |
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Saturation Pressure |
The pressure at which water and steam are at the same temperature |
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Saturation Temperature |
The temperature at which water and steam are at the same pressure |
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Steam Impingement |
The condition where steam strikes a metal surface, causing erosion of that surface |
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Steam Quality |
- The ratio of dry steam to the total amount of water evaporated -a measure of how dry the steam is, meaning how much moisture is in the steam. |
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Steam Trap |
- An accessory that removes air and noncondensable gases and condensate from steam lines and heat exchangers without a loss of steam - increase the efficiency of plant operation - this accessory should: discharge condensate immediately and completely, not leak steam, discharge non-condensable gases like air - the three types are known as: mechanical, thermostatic, thermodynamic |
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Steam Turbine |
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=SPg7hOxFItI - A rotary mechanical device used to drive rotating equipment, such as a generator, by extracting thermal energy from pressurized steam - common uses include generating electricity and driving auxiliaries such as pumps, fans, and compressors |
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Superheated Steam |
- Steam that has been heated above the saturation temperature - Steam at a temperature higher than the water from which it is derived - the pressure does not increase with the rise in temperature |
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Superheater |
- A bank of tubes through which steam passes after leaving the boiler where additional heat is added to the steam -Watertube boilers can be fitted with these to increase the “heat content” of the steam |
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Thermodynamic (Disc) Steam Trap |
- A steam trap that has a single movable disc that rises to allow the discharge of air and cool condensate - also known as an impulse floating disc or a kinetic energy floating disc steam trap - open and close quickly with no condensate backup - a robust steam trap with simple operation. The trap operates by means of the dynamic effect of flash steam as it passes through the trap. |
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Thermostatic Steam Trap |
- Uses the difference in temperature between live steam and condensate or air to control the release of condensate and air from the steam line. - A steam trap that contains a temperature-operated element, such as a corrugated bellows. Also known as a balanced-pressure thermostatic steam trap - When steam heats the bellows, the solution inside the bellows boils and the pressure increases causing the bellows to expand. - Expansion and contraction of the bellows is what controls the flow of condensate, air, and steam through the trap. - This type of steam trap is good at removing large quantities of air and cold condensate at startup. - Bimetallic Steam Trap and a balanced pressure design are the two basic designs. |
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Blowdown Equipment |
Collects blowdown for discharge |
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Blowdown |
- The process of opening valves to blow water or steam through a fitting or from a boiler in order to remove any sludge, sediment, or other undesirable particles. - to control high water - to control chemical concentration - to drain the boiler for cleaning and inspection |
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Pressure-reducing stations |
Reduce high-pressure steam to the lower pressure required for a process |
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Turbines |
- Use steam to generate electricity - a machine that converts the energy from the expansion of high-pressure steam into the mechanical energy of rotation. |
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Condensate tanks and booster pumps |
Collect the condensate for return to the boiler |
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Flue |
The general term for the path used by the gases of combustion as they flow from the point of combustion to the point where they are released to the atmosphere. |
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Steam |
The vapor that forms when water is heated to its boiling point. |
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Burner/Furnace |
A location where the combustion process takes place. |
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Combination Superheater |
A superheater that receives heat from both radiant heat and convection heat |
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Flame Impingement |
When the direct contact with the flame degrades the boiler. |
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Superheater Drain |
Removes moisture from the superheater tubes. |
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Superheater Safety Valve |
- it must be of sufficient capacity to relieve 25% of the steam that the boiler can produce. - They are set at a lower popping pressure than the ones at the steam drum to ensure the flow of steam through the tubes. |
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Regulator |
A self-operating control valve used for pressure and temperature control. |
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Expansion Bends |
Allow a steam line to expand or contract without causing damage. |
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Water Hammer |
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=xoLmVFAFjn4 Caused by mixing steam and water and could lead to a line rupture. |
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Impulse Steam Turbine |
- Uses steam velocity as a force acting in a forward direction on a blade mounted on a wheel. - work primarily at high speed resulting from large drops in pressure. - smaller and weigh and cost less than reaction steam turbines of the same capacity. |
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Reaction Steam Turbine |
- primarily low-pressure steam turbines. - have small drops in pressure per stage, resulting in small amounts of steam expansion with low output of work per stage. - many stages must be used to obtain the full range of pressure drops throughout the steam turbine. |
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Impulse-Reaction Steam Turbines |
- combine impulse and reaction blading. - commonly run on high vacuum for even greater efficiency. |
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Inverted Bucket Steam Trap Picture and Video |
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=VA1csDl1Mfw |
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Thermodynamic (Disc) Steam Trap Picture and Video |
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=dd04w_JLIuQ |
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Thermostatic Steam Trap (Float) Picture and Video |
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=fbJbg2kKx4Q |
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Thermostatic Steam Trap (Float) Picture and Video |
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=fbJbg2kKx4Q |
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Mechanical Steam Trap |
- respond directly to the density difference between steam and condensate - Inverted Bucket Steam Traps and Float Traps are common examples. |
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Float Steam Traps |
- a steam trap that has a valve connected to a float in such a way that the valve opens when the float rises. - it adapts very well to varying conditions as is the best choice for modulating heat exchangers. - it is expensive and not very strong against water hammer. - can have a mechanical linkage or can seal the trap through the use of the float itself. |
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Velocity Compounding |
A method in which the energy from steam is extracted using multiple stages in a turbine to reduce the steam velocity and pressure in a short time. |
