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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
AUDITORY OSSICLES
STAPES (STIRRUP) |
3. Stapes (stirrup)
a. Head: laterally directed, apical process; articulates with the lenticu- lar process of the incus at the incudostapedial joint b. Neck: constricted part adjoining the head c. Crura: an anterior and a posterior crus extend from the neck to the base; the anterior crus is shorter than the posterior crus d. Base: flat, oval plate; attached to the margin of the oval window by the annular ligament |
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AUDITORY OSSICLES
-suspended where? -mucosa, continous w/? |
4. The auditory ossicles are suspended within the tympanic cavity by deli-
cate ligaments; the mucosa lining the tympanic cavity ensheaths the auditory ossicles and is also continuous with the mucosa lining the mas- toid antrum, mastoid air cells, and auditory tube |
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AUDITORY OSSICLES
CC: "incudo-malleolar & incudo-stapedial joints" |
5. Clinical note: since the incudomalleolar and incudostapedial joints are
synovial joints, they are subject to the same diseases, such as arthritis, as other synovial joints |
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TENSOR TYMPANI
OIAI |
1. Tensor tympani
a. Origin: the wall of the superior semicanal of the musculotubal canal b. Insertion: its tendon bends laterally at a right angle over the coch- leariform process to insert on the medial surface of the superior part of the manubrium of the malleus c. Action: contracts reflexly in response to loud sounds, and thus, ex- erts a protective dampening effect by tensing the tympanic membrane and reducing its sensitivity d. Innervation: nerve to the tensor tympani, a branch of the nerve to the medial pterygoid, which, in turn, is a branch of the mandibular nerve |
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STAPEDIUS
OIAI CC: "FACIAL NERVE INJURY" |
2. Stapedius
a. Origin: the inner wall of the pyramidal eminence b. Insertion: its tendon exits the orifice at the apex of the pyramidal eminence and inserts on the posterior aspect of the neck of the stapes c. Action: contracts reflexly in response to loud sounds, and thus, ex- erts a protective dampening effect by holding the stapes against the oval window d. Innervation: nerve to the stapedius, a branch of the facial nerve e. Clinical note: facial nerve injury and paralysis of the stapedius re- sults in excessive acuteness of hearing or hyperacusia |