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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Central dogma |
Process by which DNA is used to encode proteins |
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Transcription |
When a gene is copied to mRNA |
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RNA does not do what |
Proofreading |
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How many codons are there |
64 |
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Translation |
Protein synthesis on the ribosome |
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Initiation |
Ribosome subunits come together around mRNA |
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Elongation |
Amino acids are added to the polypeptide chain |
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Termination |
Ribosome mRNA complex is disassembled and protein is released |
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Missense mutation |
Caused by base substitution |
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Nonsense mutation |
Caused by base substitution |
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Frameshift mutation |
Caused by base addition or deletion |
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What prematurely stops protein synthesis |
Nonsense mutations |
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What mutation can still sometimes function |
Missense |
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Primary mechanisms for horizontal transfer |
Transformation, conjugation, transduction |
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Transformation |
Passing of DNA from one bacteria to another in the form of naked DNA |
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Conjugation |
Ability to transfer a copy of genetic information directly to another bacteria (more efficient) |
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Conjugative plasmids |
Carry genes for conjugation |
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Dissimilation plasmids |
Carry genes for unusual sugar and carb use |
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Resistance plasmids |
Carry genes with antibiotic resistance |
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The term F is for |
A cluster of genes present on the plasmid being transfered |
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Transduction |
When a bacteriophage accidentally transfers bacterial DNA into another host bacteria |
