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20 Cards in this Set

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Skin problems for the preterm infant include: fragile skin that must be ?, ? tape can be very damaging. When disinfecting the skin ? should be used, avoid ? and ? b/c it can be damaging to the skin. Use sterile ? for bathing. Use ? in incubators. Postion the infant to avoid undue ? on the skin.
protected,
adhesive,
chlorhexadine gluconate, alcohol, iodine,
H2O, humidification,
pressure
The incidence of infection in preterm infants is ?-? times greater than full-term infants. The preterm infants immune system is ? The RN should always monitor for ?
3-10,
immature,
infection
One of the most important aspects of preventing infection is ? Nursing care involves scrupulous ? and ? of the infant's skin integrity.
HANDWASHING,
cleanliness,
maintenance
Because pain is the ? vital sign, pain assessment is performed whenever vital signs are taken.
5th
Things that can cause environmental stress to premature infants include- too much ?, ?, ?
Noise, Light, Stimulation
Preterm infants undergo multiple assessments, procedures, and tx that may cause frequent interruptions of sleep and may interfere with the development of normal ?-? cycles. Sleep disruption alters ? maturation and secretion of ? hormone and inteferes with ? and ?
During intrauterine life the fetus sleeps ?% of the time.
sleep-wake,
neuronal,
growth,
growth and development,
90%
Nsg Dx for environmental stress: ? stress
Environmental
Signs of overstimulation: increase or decrease in ?/? rate which can cause ? and ?, flaring ?s, ↓ ? levels, arm/legs may be ?/?, eyes may turn away from eye ?, also ?,?,?
pulse/respiration,
cyanosis, pallor,
nares, O2, stiff/extended,
contact, yawning, coughing, regurgitation
Nsg mgt for over stimulation: Schedule ? rest throughout the day. Reduce ?, control ?, and keep lights ?
undisturbed,
stimuli, noise, dimmed
Preterm problems r/t feeding:The preterm infant may require ? or ? feedings to conserve energy. If the infant has a respiratory rate ≥ ? then the infant may recieve gavage feedings.
parenteral,
gavage,
≥70
If the preterm infant is receiving gavage feeding the ? should be checked before intermittent feeding or every 2-4 hrs for continuous feeding.
residual
Excessive residual indicates that the amount or ? of formula or the ? rate may need to be changed. It is also an early sign of a complication such as NEC/? Report abnormal residuals to the ?
type,
flow,
Necrotizing EnteroColitis,
physician
The infant may have an immature ? reflex. They should be ready for oral feeding by ? weeks
gag,
34wks,
Sign of readiness to nipple: ?ing, ?ing on gavage tube, finger, pacifier. Able to tolerate ?, RR <?, presence of ? reflex.
Rooting,
sucking,
holding,
RR<60,
gag
Adverse signs of feeding for preterm infant during nipple feeding: ↑?or↓?,↑?, ↓?, ?,?,?, falling asleep early during ?, feeding time >?-?min.
↑HR, ↓HR, ↑RR, ↓O2sat,
apnea, coughing,
gagging, feeding,
>25-30min
If the preterm infant is having problems with latch the nurse can provide gentle ? support.
jaw
What could you do to facilitate bonding: let the parents ? and ? the infant in the delivery room. Bring ?s to mom if she is unable to get to the NICU. Provide ? information. Have parents use ? care.
see, touch,
pictures,
accurate,
kangaroo
Other problems related to prematurity: The leading cause of all deaths for premature infants in the U.S. is
? syndrome formerly known as ? membrane disease.
Respiratory distress,
hyaline membrane disease
The percentage of infants at 26-28wks that develop RDS/hyaline membrane disease is ?%. This is caused by insufficient ? which is first produced at ? wks. Too little allows alveoli to ? upon exhalation, and as fewer alveoli expand, ?/? and ? occurs.
50%,
surfactant, 22 wks,
collapse, atelectasis/collapse,
hypoxia
Signs of RDS: ↑?, nasal ?, chest ?, ?, audible grunting on ?, breath sounds may be ?, and there may be an abnormal ? x-ray.
↑RR, flaring, retractions,
cyanosis, expiration, decreased,
chest