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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of kidney? |
Excretion(urea ,creatinine,drugs,toxins,),metabolism(1alpha hydroxylase ),endocrine(renin,erythropoietin,PG),REGULATION (WATER,ELECTROLYTES,acid base) |
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1 alpha hydroxylase is secreted from?stimulated by? |
PCT ,parathormone |
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Renin secreted from?stimulated by? |
JG cells,Beta1 receptor and stretch receptor |
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Erythropoietin secreted from?stimulated by? |
Peritubular capillary endothelium,oxygen sensor |
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Source for urea? |
Protein intake |
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Hypokalemia dangers? |
Torsades de pointes,diaphragmatic paralysis |
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Hyperkalemia dangers? |
Diastolic arrest |
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Oliguria value? |
Less than 500ml/day |
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Polyuria value ? |
>3500ml/day |
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Renal blood flow? Renla plasma flow? |
20 percent of CO-AROUND 1L,600 ml around (becoz 40 percent is blood cells) |
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GFR value? |
125ml/min (20 percent of renal plasma flow) |
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What is urine output per minute?where and all water gets absorbed in nephron? |
1 ml,65 in PCT,15 IN DLh,15 in DCT,2ml in aldo,2ml in adh |
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Glomerulus ? |
Glomerular capillaries,mesangial cells and connective tissue,glomerular basement membrane,Bowman's capsule |
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Filtration membrane? |
Fenestrated endothelium,GBM,Visceral epithelium(podocytes connected by nephrin) |
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Nephrin? |
Podocytes are connected by |
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What is the pore size in fenestrated epithelium? |
70-100 nm |
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GBM is made of? |
Collagen type 4(triple helix and globular non collagen domain) |
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What is filtration slit?Pore size in filtration slit? |
Podocytes interdigitate,20-40nm |
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Why plasma proteins are not filtered across filtration membrane? |
Negatively charged particles like sialo glycoprotein is present on fenestrated endothelium and podocytes and negative charge of GBM.Many negatively charged particles like poly anionic proteoglycan and fibronectin are deposited in collagen 4 |
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Electron microscopic structure of GBM? |
Lamina densa and lamina rara interna and lamina rara externa |
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Good pasteurs syndrome? |
Antibody develop against globular non collagnous domain of basemant mebrane(in renal and alveoli) |
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Renal blood supply? |
Renal artery - ant and post div - interlobar-arcuate-interlobular-afferent arteriole- glomerular capillaries -efferenct arteriole- peritubular capillaries - interlobular vein and so on |
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Cortical nephron vs juxta meduallary nephron? |
Cortical nephron is present in cortex and juxta medullary nephron is close to medulla..glomerular capillary of cortical nephron for peritubular capillaries and glomerular capillary of juxta medullary nephron forms vasa recta . |
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Filtration fraction in renal meaning? |
Amount of plasma filtered across glomerular membrane per min from renal plasma flow per min ...20 percent or 0.2 |
