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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Backup software
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The software used to make a copy of files to another location such as tape or external hard disk. Such software almost always allows you to select some files/folders and not others and to automate the schedule
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Broadband Wireless Access
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It is a fairly new technology that provides high-speed wireless internet and data network access over a wide area. Broadband means 'having instantaneous bandwidth greater than around 1 MHz and supporting data rates greater than about 1.5 Mbit/s. This means that Wireless Broadband features speeds roughly equivalent to wired broadband access such as that of ADSL or cable modem
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ADSL
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Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is one form of the Digital Subscriber Line technology- a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines than a conventional voiceband modem can provide. It does this by utilizing frequencies that are not used by a voice telephone call.[1] A splitter - or microfilter - allows a single telephone connection to be used for both ADSL service and voice calls at the same time. ADSL can generally only be distributed over short distances from the central office-typically less than 4 kilometres
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Bandwidth
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the term bandwidth refers to a data rate measured in bits per second- it is how much data can be passed over a connection in a given time
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Client/server network
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IT is a hierarchical model for a LAN in which one or more computers act as dedicated servers and the remaining computers act as clients. The server provided resources for clients such as centrally controlled software - printing -backup and file storage
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Client/server database
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A network database where client programs in desktops send information requests through a network to database on a server- the server(s) process the query and send the requested data back to the client
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CT scanner
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Computed tomography (CT) is a medical imaging method employing tomography created by computer processing. Digital geometry processing by a computer – usually embedded -is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the inside of an object from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.
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Data redundancy
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The unnecessary duplication of data in a database- occurs in a flatfile database or badly designed relational one – leads to errors because data may be different in different parts of the database and is more difficult to update.
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Disaster recovery
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the process of reinstating systems and data after a “disaster”. The disaster recovery plan should include priority for systems to be recovered- locations of backups- key personel and contacts and plan for hardware to be used. There are two types of disaster – manmade and natural. 1) Natural disasters—Preventing a natural disaster is very difficult-but it is possible to take precautions to avoid losses. These disasters include flood- fire-earthquake- hurricane- etc 2) Man made disasters—These disasters are major reasons for failure. Human error and intervention may be intentional or unintentional which can cause massive failures such as loss of access and data. These disasters are more preventable and include accidents- power surges- sabotage- theft- virus- hacking- etc.
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Embedded IT systems
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An embedded system is a computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions- often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. (software stored in ROM chips often called firmware in this context)
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EMR
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electronic medical records
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electronic medical records
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a digital record of patients data – notes-test results – scans- treatments. It is effectively a large specialist database. Can be off the shelf or custom built
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Custom vs off the shelf
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off the shelf cheaper-but not tailored to the oobunta’s requirements-custom built matches their needs exactly-but is more expensive and slower to implement.
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Failover systems
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A systems where two (or more!) machines are connected by a heartbeat cable. One machine is the functioning one- the other is redundant. When working normally-the functioning server sends a pulse down the cable-but if it fails for whatever reason- the pulse won’t be sent and the other machine will take over its function almost instantly. Expensive solution for important machines as systems are very expensive
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File server
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a server that is responsible for storing data files on a network. Can be shared files or kept specific to one or a group of users.
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Firewall
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a software or hardware tool that is used to control the movement of packets of data from a LAN to the internet or other network. It requires configuring (giving it a set of rules about which protocols can use which ports and which to block) – used to prevent unauthorized access (hacking) – often combined with a proxy.
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Internet
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a global interconnected network of networks linking individuals- organizations- companies- governments- educational institutions etc. It is the physical infrastructure- communication links- software and protocols that allow packets of data to be exchanged and routed between machines that are not physically close.
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Intranet
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a self-contained network within an organization that is designed and used using the same technologies as the Internet
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LAN
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Local Area Network
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LAN hardware and software
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hardware and software used to create and manage a LAN – network operating system eg Microsoft Small Business Server 2003-NICs - Ethernet cabling and switches or wireless access points and wireless NICs
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NIC
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Network interface controller – the card attached to the motherboard to provide an ethernet network port in a desktop- – almost always built in now
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WNIC
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A wireless network interface controller –a network card which connects to a radio-based computer network. Can be internall or USB
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Network server
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A server running a NOS (network operating system) that controls and provides resources to a LAN
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Peer-to-peer network
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A LAN that allows every computer on the (small) network to be both client and server. Each takes responsibility for providing part of the resources to the other machines – eg one might be attached to the printer and act as a print server whereas another might control internet access and act as a proxy. It is cheaper- does not need administrator – but if you switch the printer attached machine off – nobody can print.
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Server
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usually a machine especially designed to provide resources- software etc to other computers on the LAN but can just be a more powerful desktop
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VPN
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Virtual Private Network
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Virtual Private Network
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The use of encryption to create a tunnel through the internet to allow someone to remotely connect to a LAN securely. It could be between an individual and the LAN – but in this case it is more likely to be between clinics and hospital. Special software would need to be installed on both ends of the connection and the relevant encryption keys would need to be set up and shared. This would be possible for an IT specialist but not for the healthcare workers in village A or B
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WiFi
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a wireless LAN technology that allows multiple computers to connect to a LAN thorugh a wireless access point up to 32m away. These points can be arranged in an overlapping grid to provide coverage over a greater area. Place where access can be got from these is called a hotspot.
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