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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The _____ was a period of emphasis on reasoned observation and systematic measurement that changed the way people viewed the world.
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Scientifc Revolution
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_______ proposed the idea that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun, known as a _______ model of the universe.
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Copernicus/ Heliocentric
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_______ discovered planetary motion and determined that planets move in an oval-shaped orbit called an _______.
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Johannes Kepler/ ellipse
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______ used the telescope to support the heliocentric theory. He was later condemned by the Church for challenging Christian teachings.
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Galileo
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______ developed the theory of gravity.
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Newton
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_______ descibed the circulation of blood for the first time.
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William Harvey
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Francis Bacon helped develop the ______.
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Scientific Method
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________ was a period in the 1600's and 1700's during which a series of European monarchies increased the power over their central governments.
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Age of Absolutism
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_______ is a form of government where the monarch exercises complete authority over govenment and the lives of the people.
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Absolute Monarchy
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An absolute monarchy is characterized by centralization of power and the concept of rule by _______ (authority to rule comes from God).
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divine right
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French king _____ called himself the Sun King because he saw himself as the center of his nation.
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Louis XIV (The 14)
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The _____ was built as a symbol of French royal power.
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Palace of Versailles
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_______, king of Prussia, expanded his empire through _______.
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Frederick the Great/ military power
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Russian tsar _______ westernized his country and built the city of _______ as a symbol of his power and the westernization of Russia.
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Peter the Great/ St. Petersburg
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The English Civil War involved the _______, supporters of the king, and the _______, supporters of Parliament.
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Cavaliers/ Roundheads
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Parliamentary forces during the English Civil War were led by _______.
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Oliver Cromwell
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King ______ was executed when his forces lost the English Civil War.
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Charles 1st
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After the death of Oliver Cromwell, Parliament asked _______ to return as England's king.
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Charles 2nd
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King _____ was dethroned by Parliament for his unpopular policies and favoritism of Catholics. He was replaced by _________.
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James 2nd/ William and Mary
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The bloodless revolution that replaced King James 2nd is known as the _________.
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Glorious Revolution
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Before taking the crown, William and Mary were required to sign the ________ , which limited the power of the monarchy and asserted the power of Parliament over the monarchy.
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English Bill of Rights
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Why was the heliocentric theory so controversial when it was proposed by Copernicus? What was the Church's position and what evidence is there that the supporters of the theory were controversial?
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The theory was new, and most people believed that the earth was the center of the universe. The church was opposed to the theory because it conflicted with their beliefs, and caused the supporters of the theory to be controversial.
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Why did the English Civil War take place and what was the outcome?
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Charles the 1st wanted absolute power, while Parliament wanted to reduce the King's power. The Roundheads (parliament) won and executed Charles the 1st.
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What was the Glorious Revolution? WHat document was adopted as a result and what did it do?
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When William/ Mary took the throne without a fight, and afterwards was still peaceful. Before taking the throne, they signed the English Bill of Rights, which limited the monarchy.
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