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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

When was Buddhism introduced to China?

Buddhism was introduced into the western han dynasty. In the late 1st & early 2nd century.

Northern Wei Dynasty

(386-534) Capital: Ping Cheng (today’s Datong), Shanxi Province Ethnicity:Tuoba(Turks)

Five Caves at Yungang (cloud ridge)

Patron:Emperor Wencheng


460-490


Buddhist monk Tan Yao supervised the project


Emperor wencheng dedicated his cave to Buddha and the Norway rulers

Cave 20, late 5th c CE


Used Buddhist to promote their power Represents Buddha of the present, pas tand future with its three faces.

Comparison between the Buddha in cave 20 and the sitting Buddha from the Mathura region?

The style of the Garment in the central Buddha he is wearing an inner and outer garment and a shawl. In both cases his left shoulder is covered exposing his breast and right shoulder.At the beginning, Buddha was wearing foreign dress because of the clothing he wears.

Comparison between the Buddha in cave 20 and the standing Bodhisattva from the Gandhara region?

Facial Comparison


•The pupils are additions made later on


•Huge ears and stretched earlobes


•Cranial protuberance in the form of a bun


•Similar shape of deeply set eyes andarched eyebrows


•A pointy distinctive nose


•And a mustache is worn by both icons

Sinicized Style of Buddhist Art

(495-mid 6th c CE)The Wei really wanted to mix themselves with the Chinese.

Longmen(Dragon Gate)


The wei continued to support Buddhism. The dragon cave was a new cave temple for the Wei that was opened up in later chinese history.

Middle Cave of the Binyang chapel at Longmen,early 6th c. commissioned by the northern Wei emperor dedicated to his parents (the previous rulers)


•Welcoming the sun- binyang


The cave was considered as the most elaborate temple of the wei period.There are very intricate carvings on the ceiling of celestial beings and lotus flowers; they were originally painted.

Compare the binyang Buddha cave statue with cave 20 Buddha statue

The Binyangstatue is wearing Chinese drapery.


-AChinese monk garment instead of the western dress shown in the right


-Exposingyour body was not appropriate in northern china


-Orfor the weather of china


-Thatis why the garment really switched to the Chinese garment


-Theidea of the cloth may have originated from india


-FOCUSON THE STYLE OF GARMENTS


Three faces of BuddhaOn the right the Buddha is wearing awestern dress.

“Waterfall” drapery

An emphasis on the folds is called awaterfall drapery


The drapery emphasizes the layers andillustrates the weather

NorthernQi

(550-577): “the third phase” Continuing Support for Buddhism

Bodhisattva


stone, Xiangtangshan, mid6th c CE


Xiangtangshan(Mountainof Echoing Halls), cave temples, Hebei


The northern qi rulers supported Buddhism-Buddhist icon that was removed out ofthe temple-many temples were patronized by northernqi rulers-Buddhism was known by other parts ofchina but the northern qi developed their own style of Buddhist art-fully closed eyes-wearing jewelry and other lavishmaterials-in a state of enlightenment-in the 20th century were stolen and sold

Bodhisattva


stone, Xiangtangshan, mid6th c CE goose with floral design.


-made to be viewed from the front


-in his hands he is holding a lotus pod

Compare standing Bodhisattva from xiangtangshan and standing Buddha from the mathura region.

-both are represented with closed eyes,to represent enlightenment


-Gupta icons represented as spiritualbeings


-down cast gaze emphasized that the iconwas representing a spiritual being


-the standing Buddhist icons have a stiffstanding poseThe first two faces of the Buddha areassociated with the northern face of Buddha ex. Cave 20 for the first face forthe third face the Chinese influence is seen in the Buddhist icons (for ex.Clothing)