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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Malaria:
Vector p. falciparum vs p. ovale and p. vivax: Latency Difference in Mortality (why) Defining Characteristics of Each Diagnostics |
Malaria:
Vector: female anopheles mosquito p falciparum: NO LATENCY period, high mortality because all RBC's invaded, and exhibit seuquestration (via knobs) and immune evasion p. ovale: latency p. vivax: splenic rupture, latency Dx: Smear every 6-12 hours for 48 hours |
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Leishmaniasis:
Vector Cutaneous, Mucocutaneous, Visceral: Strains Geographic Distribution Reservoirs (if applicable) Symptoms Diagnostics |
Leishmaniasis:
Female phlebotomine SANDFLY Cutaneous: L tropic, L. Brazil; Brazil, M. East (AKA KALA-AZAR) Dogs = Reservoir Mucocutaneous: L. Brazil, BRAZIL ONLY Dx: PCR! Very few parasites in ulcer Vicersal: L. Donovani; Brazil, M East Syx: Chronic fever, SPLENOMEGALY, anemia, leukopenia, elevated gabba globulins Dx: Aspirate Spleen |
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Trypanosomes:
African vs American Strains: Vector Symptoms Diagnostics |
African = African Sleeping Sickness
Vector = Tsetse Fly East (SEVERE): T. Rhodesiense (Zoonosis) West (Slow): T. Gambiense Syx: Indurated, painful swelling, CNS involvement (crosses BBB; drowsiness-->stupor-->coma-->death) INTERMITTENT FEVERS (due to variable surface glycoprots and immune system constantly mounting new responses) Dx: Blood smear American = T. Cruzi = CHAGAS DZ Vector: kissing bug (reduviid); eats and poops near mucous membrane Syx: MEGACOLON (affects Meisner's and Auerbach's plexi) DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY Dx: Smear |
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Enatmoeba:
Location Non-Invasive vs Invasive vs Cutaneous Diagnostics |
Entamoeba: COLON
Non-invasive: colony in intestinal mucosa, asyx encystation, NON-DYSENTERIC Invasive: Mucosal Necrosis, DYSENTERIC Cutaneous: Intestinal/hepatic fistula results in perianal/urogenital ulcer Dx: 3x stool exams If extraintestinal: abscess (amoeboma) aspirate |
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Dysentery
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blood +/- mucus in stool 2-3x/day
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Giardia:
Route of Transmission Reservoir Symptoms |
Giardia:
fecal-oral beaver reservoir Syx: EXPLOSIVE, FOUL-SMELLING DIARRHEA (no blood or mucus) |
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Asciarisis
Worm Type Transmission Reservoir Symptoms |
Giant luminal nematode (ROUNDWORM)
Oral-fecal, doughnut at least x1 Dog and Cat Reservoirs (produce visceral larva migrans) Hypoproteinemia-->ASCITES Penumonia, Bowel Obstruction |
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Hookworm:
Worm Type Transmission Reservoirs Symptoms |
Hookworm:
Nematode Dog and Cat produce cutaneous larva migrans which penetrate skin One pass through doughnut Syx: Fe-deficient anemia Cachexia-->failure to thrive (6 ft outhouse) |
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Strongyloidiasis:
Worm Type Transmission Symptoms |
Nematode
Free-living in soil and penetrate skin, pass doughnut Syx: Pneumonitis, secondary bacteremia (poop while migrate), malabsorption + diarrhea (chronic) Dx: String test, feces O+P |
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Pinworm:
Worm Type Symptoms |
Nematode
Scratchy butt No dz Tape Test |
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Whipworm:
Worm Type Symptoms |
Nematode
Rectal prolapse! |
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Lymphatic Filariasis:
Worm Type Method of Transmission Symptoms |
Tissue Nematode (Roundworm)
Mosquito deposits larvae, mature in LV's Syx: Elephantiasis, MEGAscrotum Wash your feet! |
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Loa Loa:
Worm Type Method of Transmission Symptoms |
Tissue Nematode
Deer flies infect, microfils release with diurnal periodicity Syx: Eye worms (cross conjunctiva) without blindness Calabar Swelling (over bony prominences when worm dies) Dramatic EOSINOPEHLIA |
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Onchocerciasis:
Worm Type Method of Transmission Symptoms |
Tissue Nematode (ROUNDWORM)
Black fly deposits larvae Live in nodules under skin Syx: PRURITIS (itch) leads to secondary infection, scarring, loss of pigementation RIVER BLINDNESS (occurs near fast moving water) Elephantiasis of groin |
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Trichinella Spiralis:
Worm Type Method of Transmission Symptoms |
Tissue Nematode
Undercooked pork/bear-->larvae-->migrate to striated muscle Dz: Eosin, myalgia, cardiomyop, CNS disturb |
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Cysticercosis:
Worm Type Method of Transmission Symptoms |
TISSUE CESTODE: Flat/Tapeworm
Ingest T. solium eggs (poop)-->desimminate NOT FROM RAW MEAT Dz: Seizures, paralysis, hcephalus Dx: CT, MRI |
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Hydatid Disease:
Worm Type Method of Transmission Symptoms |
Tissue Cestodes (SEGMENTED flatworm/tapeworm)
E. multilocularis: multiple uncapsulated, diff to resect E. granulosus: single, capsulated, resectable Dog tapeworms with sheep IM's; humans ingest eggs from dog poop DON'T ASPIRATE |
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Schistosomiasis:
Worm Type Method of Transmission Symptoms |
Trematode (NON-SEGMENTED flat/tapeworm)
Snails shed cercaria-->penetrate skin-->migrate through doughnut Syx: KATAYAMA FEVER, LAD (acute) Hepatosplenomeg, Portal HTN, Urothelial Ca (Chronic) |
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