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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the two nervous systems
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Central
Peripheral |
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The brain and spinal cord make up this nervous system.
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Central
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Cranial and spinal nerves are parts of which nervous system?
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Peripheral
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There are __ pairs of cranial nerves
There are __ pairs of spinal nerves |
12 cranial
31 spinal |
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The neurological system permits which functions?
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-Receives sensory stimuli
-ID & Integrate the adaptive processes -Adjusts body functions -Controls cognitive and voluntary behavioral processes -Controls subconscious & voluntary body functions to maintain homeostasis |
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Name 5 developmental considerations of the older adult
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1. Slower impulse transmission = slower reaction time
2. Diminished response to pain, touch, taste and smell 3. Decreased muscle strength and agility 4. Tremors 5. Delirium, dementia, depression |
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Rank the following from highest to lowest neurological function:
Motor Function Reflexes Mental Status Sensory Function Speech Cranial Nerve Function |
mental status
speech cranial nerve function motor function sensory function reflexes |
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Level of Consciousness needs to be assessed on which pts:
- facial contusions - skull lesions - vertebrae fractures - all of the above |
all of the above and every other pt
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LOC will be assessed by testing the pts
1. 2. |
1. Ease of arousal & response (shake shoulder, light touch etc..)
2. state of awareness (calculations, memory etc..) |
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The Glasgow Coma Scale monitors three responses.. what are the three best responses measured?
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1. Best eye opening response
2. Best motor response 3. Best verbal response |
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According to the Glasgow Coma Scale name what impairment level the following numbers indicate out of a total score of 15
3-8 = ________impairment 9-12 = ________impairment 13-14 = ________impairment |
3-8 = severe impairment
9-12 = moderate impairment 13-14 = mild impairment |
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Name five signs you would look for in your pts motor response
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1. are they able to follow commands?
2. do they move with purpose? 3. withdrawing 4. posturing 5. strength (handgrips, arms, legs - are they symmetrical?) 6. drift (look at muscle weakness) 7. coordination |
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What two areas would you look at for motor function in your pt?
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1. Muscle (size, strength, tone)
both voluntary and involuntary 2. Cerebellar (balance tests, coordination and skilled movements) |
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What methods would you use to test sensory function in your patient?
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1. pain (sharp or dull)
2. temperature (start distal - move proximal) 3. light touch (cotton ball) 4. vibration 5. position (move their finger up and down) 6. tactile discrimination (fine touch) |
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Match these 5 tests of tactile discrimination
1. Stereognosis 2. graphesthesia 3. Two-point discrimination 4. Extinction 5. point location A. touching both sides of the body at the same time B. ability to read a number when traced onto the skin C. touching their skin and getting them to put their finger where they were touched D. take a paper clip and keep moving ends closer together until pt only feels one E. give them familiar objects |
1. Stereognosis = E. give them familiar objects
2. graphesthesia = B. ability to read a number when traced onto the skin 3. Two-point discrimination = D. take a paper clip and keep moving ends closer together until pt only feels one 4. Extinction = A. touching both sides of the body at the same time 5. point location = C. touching their skin and getting them to put their finger where they were touched |
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List two ways that you would assess your pts cerebellar function
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1. Balance tests (tandem walking, Romberg test)
2. Coordination & skilled movements (rapid alternating movements - finger to finger, finger to nose..) |
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List five deep tendon reflexes
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1. Biceps
2. Triceps 3. Brachioradialis 4. Quadriceps 5. Achilles |
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What are the two superficial reflexes?
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1. Plantar reflex
2. Abdominal reflex |
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List four primitive reflexes (out of eight)
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1. Rooting
2. Palmar Grasp 3. Tonic Neck 4. Moro 5. Sucking 6. Plantar Grasp 7. Babinski 8. Placing & Stepping |
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Posturing: TRUE / FALSE
Decorticate rigidity is worse than decerebrate rigidity |
FALSE
Decerebrate rigidity is worse than decorticate |
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List five signs of increased intracranial pressure (IICP) (out of eight)
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1. Change in LOC
2. Loss of detail and orientation 3. Forgetfulness 4. Restlessness 5. Sudden quietness - complacency 6. Pupil change 7. Motor changes 8. Vital signs |
