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13 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Name the tertiary amine muscarinic antagonists

Atropine, scopolamine, cyclopentolate, ...

Name the quaternary amine muscarinic antagonists

Ipratropium, tiotropium

Name the M1-selective muscarinic antagonist

Pirenzepine

What are the indications of atropine?

- Sinus bradycardia


- Cholinergic crisis/poisoning


- Decrease secretions prior to intubation

What are the indications of scopolamine?

Motion sickness, often given as a transdermal patch

What are the indications of homatropine and tropicamide?
- Induce pupil dilation (mydriasis)

- Induce cycloplaegia


- Eye infection

What are the indications of ipratropium and tiotropium?

- COPD

- Bronchial asthma




Given as inhalation

What are the indications of pirenzepine?

- Peptic ulcers

Describe the pharmacokinetics of atropine

Atropine is a tertiary amine and is therefore well absorbed orally and it can penetrate the BBB.



It's metabolized partially in the liver and partially excreted unchanged by the kidneys

What are the symptoms of atropine poisoning?

- Dry mouth


- Mydriasis


- Tachycardia


- Hot, dry, red skin


- Hyperthermia


- Urinary retention


- Confusion, hallucination, convulsion

What are the side effects of muscarinic antagonists?

- Dry mouth


- Mydriasis


- Tachycardia


- Urinary retention

What is the treatment for atropine intoxication?

Physostigmine, benzodiazepines and cooling

Name some types of drugs which have anticholinergic side effects

- Tricyclic antidepressants


- Low-potency first-generation antipsychotics


- Second-generation antipsychotics


- First-generation antihistamines