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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the tertiary amine muscarinic antagonists |
Atropine, scopolamine, cyclopentolate, ... |
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Name the quaternary amine muscarinic antagonists |
Ipratropium, tiotropium |
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Name the M1-selective muscarinic antagonist |
Pirenzepine |
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What are the indications of atropine? |
- Sinus bradycardia - Cholinergic crisis/poisoning - Decrease secretions prior to intubation |
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What are the indications of scopolamine?
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Motion sickness, often given as a transdermal patch |
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What are the indications of homatropine and tropicamide?
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- Induce pupil dilation (mydriasis)
- Induce cycloplaegia - Eye infection |
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What are the indications of ipratropium and tiotropium? |
- COPD
- Bronchial asthma Given as inhalation |
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What are the indications of pirenzepine? |
- Peptic ulcers
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Describe the pharmacokinetics of atropine |
Atropine is a tertiary amine and is therefore well absorbed orally and it can penetrate the BBB.
It's metabolized partially in the liver and partially excreted unchanged by the kidneys |
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What are the symptoms of atropine poisoning?
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- Dry mouth - Mydriasis - Tachycardia - Hot, dry, red skin - Hyperthermia - Urinary retention - Confusion, hallucination, convulsion |
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What are the side effects of muscarinic antagonists? |
- Dry mouth - Mydriasis - Tachycardia - Urinary retention |
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What is the treatment for atropine intoxication? |
Physostigmine, benzodiazepines and cooling |
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Name some types of drugs which have anticholinergic side effects |
- Tricyclic antidepressants - Low-potency first-generation antipsychotics - Second-generation antipsychotics - First-generation antihistamines |