• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/94

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

94 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
atria
upper chambers of the hear
coronary arteries
blood vessels that supply blood to the myocardium
atrioventricular node
electrical impulses slow here to allow blood to move from the atria to the ventricles
myocardium
heart muscle
sinus node
electrical impulses begin here
venae cavae
carry oxygen poor blood back to the heart
ventricles
lower chambers of the heart
aorta
body main artery
atherosclerosis
calcium and cholesterol buildup inside blood vessels
arrythmia
abnormal heart rhythm
ischemia
lack of oxygen
infarction
tissue death
tachycardia
unusually high heart rhythm more than 100 beats/min
asystole
absence of heart electrical activity
bradycardia
unusual slow heart rhythm less than 60 beats/min
thromboembolism
blood clot floating through blood vessels until it reaches a narrow area and blocks blood flow
swollen ankles, rales
congestive heart failure
sudden tearing, seperation of lining, potential fr great blood loss
dissecting aneurysm
heart lacks pumping power, low blood pressure
cardiogenic shock
severe headache, bounding pulses, ringing in ears
hypertensive emergencvy
pulseless, apneic
cardiac arrest
exerternal chest pain, relieved by nitroglycerin
angina pectoris
complete blockage of coronary artery
acute myocardial infarction
____ allows a cardiac muscle cell to contract spontaneously without a stimulus from a nerve source
automaticity
the aorta receives its blood supply from the
left ventricle
blood enters the right atrium from the body through the
vena cava
the only vein in the body that carry oxygenated blood is/are the
pulmonary veins
normal electrical impulses originate in the sinus node, just above the
atria
dilation of the coronary arteries ____ blood flow
increases
the _____ are tiny blood vessels that are approximately one cell thick
capillaries
___ carry oxygen to the bodys tissues and then remove carbon dioxide
red blood cells
___ is the maximum pressure by the left ventricle as it contracts
systolic blood pressure
atherosclerosis can lead to a complete ___ of the coronary artery
occlusion
the lumen of an artery may be partially or completely blocked by the blood clotting system due to a ___ that exposes the inside of the atherosclerotic
crack
tissues downstream from a blood clot will suffer from lack of oxygen. if blood flow is resumed in a short time, the _____ tissue will recover
ischemic
tissues downstream from a blood clot will suffer from lack of oxygen. if blood flow is resumed in a short time, the ___ tissue will recover
increased activity level
risk factors for myocardial infarction include
male gender
high blood pressure
stress
when, for a brief time, heart tissue do not get enough oxygen, the pain is called
angina
angina pain may be felt in the
epigastrium
the underlying cause of a dissecting aortic aneurysm is
uncontrolled hypertension
because the oxygen supply to the heart is diminished with angina, the ____ can become compromised, putting the person at risk for significant cardiac rhythm problems
electrical system
about ____ min after blood flow is cut off, some heart muscle cells begin to die
10
an acute myocardial infarction is more likely to occur in the larger, thick walled left ventricle, which needs more ____ than the right ventricle
blood and oxygen
what is congestive heart failure
can be caused by diseased heart valves
it can be treated by nitroglycerin
ankle edema is common
cardiogenic shock can occur within 24 hours of a
acute myocardial infarction
sudden death is usually the result of ____ in which the heart fails to generate an effective blood flow
cardiac arrest
disorganized, ineffective quivering of the ventricles is known as
ventricle fibrillation
what is a cause of congestive heart failure
chronic hypertension
signs and symptoms of shock include
elevated heart rate
pale, clammy skin
air hunger
what changes in heart function occur in patients with CHF
decrease in heart rate
enlargement of the right ventricle
decrease in blood pressure
physical findings of AMI include skin that is ____ because of poor cardiac output and the loss of perfusion
grey
all patient assessments begin by determining whether the patient
is responsive
to assess chest pain, use the mnemonic
OPQRST
in OPQRST what does p stand for
provocation
in addition to angina and myocardial infarction, nitroglycerin can be used to treat
CHF
when administering nitroglycerin to a patient, you should make sure the patient has not taken any medications for ____ in the last 24 hours
erectile dysfunction
in general, a max of ____ doses of nitro are given for any one episode of chest pain
three
___ are inserted when the electrical-control system of the heart s so damaged it can not function properly
pacemakers
the computer inside the AED is specifically programmed to recognize rhythms that require defib to correct, most commonly
ventricular fibrillation
when the battery wears out in a pacemaker, the patient may experience
syncope
the AED should be applied only to unresponsive patients with no
pulse
___ usually refers to a state of cardiac arrest despite an organized electrical complex
pulseless electrical activity
the links in the chain of survival include
early CPR
early defib
early ALS
defrib works best if it takes place within ___ mins of the onset of cardiac arrest
2
TF the right side of the heart pumps oxygen rich blood to the body
false
TF in the normal heart, the need for increased blood flow to the myocardium is easily met by an increase in the heart rate
false
TF atherosclerosis results in narrowing of the lumen of coronary arteries
true
TF infarction is a temporary interruption of the blood supply to the tissues
false
TF angina can result from a spasm of the artery
true
TF nitro works in most patients within 5 mins to relieve the pain of AMI
false
TF if an AED malfunctions during use, you must report the problem to the manufacter and the dept of human resources
false
TF angina occurs when the hearts need for oxygen exceeds its supply
true
TF white blood cells are the most numerous cells in the blood and help the blood to clot
false
TF cardiac arrest in younger children is less common than in older children and is usually caused by a breathing problem
true
TF the pain of angina and AMI are easily distinguishable
false
TF an AED with special pediatric pads may be used on pediatric patients between 1 month and 8 years who are unresponsive, pulse less, and not breathing
true
TF dissecting aortic aneurysms are rarely considered life threatening
false
TF heart disease si the number one killer of women in the US
true
TF if a patient is complaining of chest pain has a history of AMI, you should ask if the pain feels similar to before
true
the heart is divided down the middle by a wall called the
septum
the ___ is the body main artery
aorta
the ___ ventricle pumps blood in through the pulmonary circulation
right
electrical impulses spread from the ___ node to the ventricles
atrioventicular
blood supply to the heart is increased by ___ of the coronary arteries
dilation
___ ___ cells remove carbon dioxide from the bodys tissue
red blood
___ blood pressure reflects the pressure on the calls of the arteries when the ventricle is at rest
diastolic
the heart has ___ chambers
4
the ___ side of the heart is more muscular because it must pump blood into the aorta and all the other arteries of the body
left
___ is the most effective way to assist a person with CHF to breathe effectively and to prevent invasive airway management techniques
CPAP
the collection of fluid in the part of the body that is closest to the ground is called
dependent edema
a hypertensive emergency usually occurs only with a systolic pressure greater than
160
in CHF, blood tends to back up in the ___ ___ increasing the pressure in the capillaries of the lungs
pulmonary veins
a late finding in cardiogenic shock would be a systolic blood pressure less than ___
90
damage to the ___ area of the heart often presents with bradycardia
inferior