14 - Nervous System

Front 1

Structural and functional units of the nervous system which act as specialized conductors of impulses that enable the body to interact with its internal and external environments

Back 1

Neurons (nerve cells)

Front 2

Act as supporting tissue

Back 2

Neuroglia

Front 3

Conduct impulses from one location to another

Back 3

Nerve fibers and tracts

Front 4

Receives impulses from throughout the body, processes the information, and responds with an appropriate action

Back 4

Central nervous system

Front 5

Governs sensory perception, emotions, consciousness, memory, and voluntary movements

Back 5

Brain

Front 6

Conducts sensory impulses to the brain and motor impulses from the brain to body parts, also serves as a reflex center for impulses entering and leaving the spinal cord without involvement of the brain

Back 6

Spinal cord

Front 7

Links the central nervous system with other parts of the body

Back 7

Peripheral nervous system

Front 8

Provide sensory input and motor control, or a combination of these

Back 8

Cranial nerves

Front 9

Carry impulses to the spinal cord and to muscles, organs, and glands

Back 9

Spinal nerves

Front 10

Controls involuntary bodily functions such as sweating and arterial blood pressure

Back 10

Autonomic nervous system

Front 11

Governs all sensory and motor activity; sensory perception, emotions, consciousness, memory, and voluntary movements

Back 11

Cerebrum

Front 12

Plays an important role in the integration of sensory perception and motor output

Back 12

Cerebellum

Front 13

Is the relay center for all sensory impulses (except olfactory) being transmitted to the sensory areas of the cortex, and relays motor impulses from the cerebellum and the basal ganglia to motor areas of the cortex, thought to be involve with emotions and arousal mechanisms

Back 13

Thalamus

Front 14

Serves as the principal regulator of autonomic nervous activity that is associated with behavior and expression

Back 14

Hypothalamus

Front 15

Is a two-way conduction pathway and acts as a relay center for visual and auditory impulses

Back 15

Midbrain

Front 16

Links the cerebellum and medulla to higher cortical areas; plays a role in somatic and visceral motor control

Back 16

Pons

Front 17

Acts as the cardiac, respiratory, and vasomotor control center; regullates and controls breathing, swallowing, coughing, sneezing, and vomiting as well as heartbeat and arterial blood pressure, thereby exerting control over the circulation of blood

Back 17

Medulla oblongata

Front 18

Provides sense of smell

Back 18

Olfactory (I) nerve

Front 19

Provides vision

Back 19

Optic (II) nerve

Front 20

Conducts motor impulses to four of the six external muscles of the eye and to the muscle that raises the eyelid

Back 20

Oculomotor (III) nerve

Front 21

Conducts motor impulses to control the superior oblique muscle of the eyeball

Back 21

Trochlear (IV) nerve

Front 22

Provides sensory input from the face, nose, mouth, forehead, and top of the head; motor fibers to the muscles of the jaw (chewing)

Back 22

Trigeminal (V) nerve

Front 23

Conducts motor impulses to the lateral rectus muscle of the eyeball

Back 23

Abducens (VI) nerve

Front 24

Controls the muscles of the face and scalp; the lacrimal glands of the eye and the submanibular and sublingual salivary glands; input from the tongue for the sense of taste

Back 24

Facial (VII) nerve

Front 25

Provides input for hearing and equilibrium

Back 25

Vestibulocochlear (Acoustic) (VIII) nerve

Front 26

Provides general sense of taste; regulates swallowing; controls secretion of saliva

Back 26

Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve

Front 27

Controls muscles of the pharynx, larynx, thoracic, and abdominal organs; swallowing, voice production, slowing of heartbeat, accerleration of peristalsis

Back 27

Vagus (X) nerve

Front 28

Controls the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles, permitting movement of the head and shoulders

Back 28

Accessory (XI) nerve

Front 29

Controls the tongue; tongue movements

Back 29

Hypoglossal (XII) nerve

Front 30

-kinesia

Back 30

motion, movement

Front 31

mnes

Back 31

memory

Front 32

myo

Back 32

muscle

Front 33

-troph

Back 33

nourishment

Front 34

later

Back 34

side

Front 35

scler

Back 35

hardening

Front 36

an-

Back 36

lack of

Front 37

-algesian

Back 37

condition of pain

Front 38

encephal

Back 38

brain

Front 39

-esthesia

Back 39

feeling

Front 40

-phagia

Back 40

to eat, swallow

Front 41

phasia

Back 41

to speak, speech

Front 42

-praxia

Back 42

action

Front 43

-sthenia

Back 43

strength

Front 44

astro-

Back 44

star-shaped

Front 45

cyt

Back 45

cell

Front 46

-oma

Back 46

tumor

Front 47

-taxia

Back 47

order, coordination

Front 48

brady-

Back 48

slow

Front 49

cephal

Back 49

head

Front 50

-algia

Back 50

pain

Front 51

cerebell

Back 51

little brain

Front 52

-ar

Back 52

pertaining to

Front 53

cerebro

Back 53

cerebrum

Front 54

spin

Back 54

a thorn, spine

Front 55

-al

Back 55

pertaining to

Front 56

concuss

Back 56

shaken violently

Front 57

-ion

Back 57

process

Front 58

crani

Back 58

skull

Front 59

de-

Back 59

down

Front 60

ment

Back 60

mind

Front 61

-ia

Back 61

condition

Front 62

disk

Back 62

a disk

Front 63

dys-

Back 63

difficult

Front 64

-lexia

Back 64

diction, word, phrase

Front 65

electro-

Back 65

electricity

Front 66

-graph

Back 66

instrument for recording

Front 67

-graphy

Back 67

recording

Front 68

epi-

Back 68

upon

Front 69

dur

Back 69

dura, hard

Front 70

-scopy

Back 70

visual examination, to view, examine

Front 71

-lepsy

Back 71

seizure

Front 72

ganglion

Back 72

knot

Front 73

gli

Back 73

glue

Front 74

hemi-

Back 74

half

Front 75

-paresis

Back 75

weakness

Front 76

-plegia

Back 76

stroke, paralysis

Front 77

hydro-

Back 77

water

Front 78

-us

Back 78

pertaining to

Front 79

hyper-

Back 79

excessive

Front 80

hypn

Back 80

sleep

Front 81

intra-

Back 81

within

Front 82

lamin

Back 82

thin plate

Front 83

lobo

Back 83

lobe

Front 84

meningi

Back 84

membrane, meninges

Front 85

-cele

Back 85

hernia

Front 86

myelo

Back 86

spinal cord

Front 87

micro-

Back 87

small

Front 88

narco

Back 88

numbness, sleep, stupor

Front 89

neur

Back 89

nerve

Front 90

-lemma

Back 90

a sheath, husk, rind

Front 91

-blast

Back 91

germ cell

Front 92

fibr

Back 92

fiber

Front 93

oligo-

Back 93

little

Front 94

dendro

Back 94

tree

Front 95

pallido

Back 95

globus pallidus

Front 96

papill

Back 96

papilla

Front 97

-edema

Back 97

swelling

Front 98

para-

Back 98

beside

Front 99

pheo

Back 99

dusky

Front 100

chromo

Back 100

color

Front 101

polio

Back 101

gray

Front 102

poly-

Back 102

many

Front 103

quadri-

Back 103

four

Front 104

somn

Back 104

sleep

Front 105

ambul

Back 105

to walk

Front 106

spondylo

Back 106

vertebra

Front 107

syn-

Back 107

together

Front 108

-desis

Back 108

binding

Front 109

sub-

Back 109

below

Front 110

sympath

Back 110

sympathy

Front 111

vago

Back 111

vagus, wandering

Front 112

ventriculo

Back 112

little belly

Front 113

-metry

Back 113

measurement

Front 114

ACh

Back 114

acetylcholine

Front 115

AD

Back 115

Alzheimer's disease

Front 116

ALS

Back 116

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Front 117

ANS

Back 117

autonomic nervous system

Front 118

cm

Back 118

centimeter

Front 119

CNS

Back 119

central nervous system

Front 120

CP

Back 120

cerebral palsy

Front 121

CSF

Back 121

cerebral spinal fluid

Front 122

CT

Back 122

computerized tomography

Front 123

CVA

Back 123

cerebrovascular accident

Front 124

DBS

Back 124

deep brain stimulation

Front 125

EEG

Back 125

electroencephalogram

Front 126

HDS

Back 126

herniated disk syndrome

Front 127

HNP

Back 127

herniated nucleus pulposus

Front 128

ICP

Back 128

intracranial pressure

Front 129

LP

Back 129

lumbar puncture

Front 130

mL

Back 130

milliliter

Front 131

MS

Back 131

multiple sclerosis

Front 132

Neuro

Back 132

neurology

Front 133

NREM

Back 133

no rapid eye movement (sleep)

Front 134

PET

Back 134

positron emission tomography

Front 135

PNS

Back 135

peripheral nervous system

Front 136

REM

Back 136

rapid eye movement (sleep)

Front 137

TENS

Back 137

transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

Front 138

TIA

Back 138

transient ischemic attack