135 E2 Anticholinergic Drugs

Front 1

1. How do anticholinergic drugs exert their therapeutic effects?
Most anticholinergic drugs interact with muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the ------, secretory ----------, heart, and smooth ----------.

Back 1

2. How do anticholinergic drugs exert their therapeutic effects?
Most anticholinergic drugs interact with muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the brain, secretory glands, heart, and smooth muscle.

Front 2

3. How do anticholinergic drugs exert their therapeutic effects?
A few, when given at high doses, are also able to block ----------- receptors in autonomic ---------- and skeletal muscles.

Back 2

4. How do anticholinergic drugs exert their therapeutic effects?
A few, when given at high doses, are also able to block nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia and skeletal muscles.

Front 3

5. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
Anticholinergic drugs are indicated for disorders of -------------, -----------, ophthalmic, and ----------- disorders.

Back 3

6. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
Anticholinergic drugs are indicated for disorders of gastrointestinal, genitourinary, ophthalmic, and respiratory disorders.

Front 4

7. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
They are also used to reverse ----------- and to treat symptoms of -------------- disease.

Back 4

8. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
They are also used to reverse bradycardia and to treat symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

Front 5

9. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
They may be used before ------------ and -------------.

Back 5

10. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
They may be used before surgery and bronchoscopy.

Front 6

11. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
Anticholinergics are contraindicated in any condition characterized by symptoms that would be aggravated by these drugs such as prostatic ------------, myasthenia ---------, hyperthyroidism, ----------, tachyarrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and heart failure, unless bradycardia is present.

Back 6

12. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
Anticholinergics are contraindicated in any condition characterized by symptoms that would be aggravated by these drugs such as prostatic hypertrophy, myasthenia gravis, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, tachyarrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and heart failure, unless bradycardia is present.

Front 7

13. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
Anticholinergics are contraindicated in any condition characterized by symptoms that would be aggravated by these drugs such as prostatic hypertrophy, myasthenia gravis, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, ------------------, myocardial --------------, and heart failure, unless --------------- is present.

Back 7

14. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
Anticholinergics are contraindicated in any condition characterized by symptoms that would be aggravated by these drugs such as prostatic hypertrophy, myasthenia gravis, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, tachyarrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and heart failure, unless bradycardia is present.

Front 8

15. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
They should not be used in ------------ or other conditions contributing to reflux esophagitis.

Back 8

16. What are the indications for use and contraindications for anticholinergic drugs?
They should not be used in hiatal hernia or other conditions contributing to reflux esophagitis.

Front 9

17. What is the effect of anticholinergic drugs on heart rate, and what is the mechanism for this effect?

Back 9

The heart rate is increased by blocking the vagal action on the heart.

Front 10

18. Under what circumstances is it desirable to administer atropine before surgery, and why?

Anticholinergics are given to prevent vagal stimulation and potential -----------, hypotension, and -----------------. They are also given to reduce --------- tract secretions.

Back 10

19. Under what circumstances is it desirable to administer atropine before surgery, and why?

Anticholinergics are given to prevent vagal stimulation and potential bradycardia, hypotension, and cardiac arrest. They are also given to reduce respiratory tract secretions.

Front 11

20. What are the adverse effects of anticholinergic drugs?
Adverse effects include CNS stimulation followed by depression that may lead to coma and ------------, increased --------------, thick ------------- secretions, blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, and constipation.

Back 11

21. What are the adverse effects of anticholinergic drugs?
Adverse effects include CNS stimulation followed by depression that may lead to coma and death, increased heart rate, thick respiratory secretions, blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, and constipation.

Front 12

22. What are the adverse effects of anticholinergic drugs?
Adverse effects include CNS stimulation followed by depression that may lead to coma and death, increased heart rate, thick respiratory secretions, blurred --------, dry mouth, ----------- retention, and ----------.

Back 12

23. What are the adverse effects of anticholinergic drugs?
Adverse effects include CNS stimulation followed by depression that may lead to coma and death, increased heart rate, thick respiratory secretions, blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, and constipation.

Front 13

24. What are the adverse effects of anticholinergic drugs?
Younger and older patients are more likely to experience ------------- and -------------.

Back 13

25. What are the adverse effects of anticholinergic drugs?
Younger and older patients are more likely to experience confusion and hallucinations.

Front 14

26. What treatment measures are indicated for a client with an overdose of a drug with anticholinergic effects?

Back 14

Treatment involves the administration of activated charcoal. Physostigmine salicylate (Antilirium) is a specific antidote.

Front 15

27. Name two other commonly used drug groups that have anticholinergic effects.

Back 15

Antihistamines and tricyclic antidepressants have anticholinergic effects. Antipsychotics also have anticholinergic effects.

Front 16

28. What nursing observations and interventions are needed to increase client safety and comfort during anticholinergic drug therapy?
It is important to monitor for side effects and overdose of ---------------.

Back 16

29. What nursing observations and interventions are needed to increase client safety and comfort during anticholinergic drug therapy?
It is important to monitor for side effects and overdose of anticholinergics.

Front 17

30. What nursing observations and interventions are needed to increase client safety and comfort during anticholinergic drug therapy?
Be sure the client is getting correct dosage and is not taking ---------- medications that also contain medications with ------------.

Back 17

31. What nursing observations and interventions are needed to increase client safety and comfort during anticholinergic drug therapy?
Be sure the client is getting correct dosage and is not taking OTC medications that also contain medications with anticholinergics.

Front 18

32. What nursing observations and interventions are needed to increase client safety and comfort during anticholinergic drug therapy?
Caution older adults to avoid situations in which they may --------- and experience -------- stroke.

Back 18

33. What nursing observations and interventions are needed to increase client safety and comfort during anticholinergic drug therapy?
Caution older adults to avoid situations in which they may overheat and experience heat stroke.