13 North Carolina Emt Chapter 13

Front 1

respiration

Back 1

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Front 2

pulmonary edema

Back 2

fluid buildup within the alveoli and lung tissue

Front 3

epiglottitis

Back 3

bacterial infection that can produce severe swelling

Front 4

emphysema

Back 4

disease of the lungs in which the alveoli lose elasticity due to chronic stretching

Front 5

pleural effusion

Back 5

fluid inside the lungs

Front 6

TB

Back 6

a disease that can lay dormant in the lungs for decades, then reactivate

Front 7

dyspnea

Back 7

difficulity breathing

Front 8

pneumonia

Back 8

an infection in the lung that damages lung tissue

Front 9

hypoxia

Back 9

condition in which the bodys cells and tissues do not have enough oxygen

Front 10

bronchitis

Back 10

an acute or chronic inflammation of the major lungs passageways

Front 11

hyperventilation

Back 11

over breathing to the point of too low carbon dioxide in the blood

Front 12

allergen

Back 12

a substance that causes allergic reaction

Front 13

embolus

Back 13

a blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel which it causes blockage

Front 14

asthma

Back 14

acute spasm of the bronchioles associated with excessive mucus production and swelling of the mucous lining

Front 15

pneumothorax

Back 15

accumulation of air in the pleural space

Front 16

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Back 16

rspiration

Front 17

fluid buildup within the alveoli and lung tissue

Back 17

pulmonary edema

Front 18

bacterial infection that can produce severe swelling

Back 18

epiglottitis

Front 19

disease of the lungs in which the alveoli lose elasticity due to chronic stretching

Back 19

emphysema

Front 20

fluid inside the lungs

Back 20

pleural effusion

Front 21

a disease that can lay dormant in the lungs for decades, then reactivate

Back 21

TB

Front 22

difficulity breathing

Back 22

dyspnea

Front 23

an infection in the lung that damages lung tissue

Back 23

pneumonia

Front 24

condition in which the bodys cells and tissues do not have enough oxygen

Back 24

hypoxia

Front 25

an acute or chronic inflammation of the major lungs passageways

Back 25

bbronchitis

Front 26

over breathing to the point of too low carbon dioxide in the blood

Back 26

hyperventilation

Front 27

a substance that causes allergic reaction

Back 27

alergen

Front 28

a blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel which it causes blockage

Back 28

embolus

Front 29

acute spasm of the bronchioles associated with excessive mucus production and swelling of the mucous lining

Back 29

asthma

Front 30

accumulation of air in the pleural space

Back 30

pneumothorax

Front 31

A blood clot lodged in the pulmonary artery is referred to as

Back 31

a pulmonary embolism

Front 32

the oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange takes place in the

Back 32

alveoli

Front 33

the letter s in the neumonic PASTE stands for

Back 33

sputum

Front 34

P in PASTE

Back 34

progression

Front 35

A in PASTE

Back 35

associated chest pain

Front 36

S in PASTE

Back 36

sputum

Front 37

T in PASTE

Back 37

taking tiredness

Front 38

E in PASTE

Back 38

exercise tolerance

Front 39

if carbon dioxide levels drop too low, the person automatically breathes

Back 39

slower and less deeply

Front 40

if the level of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood rises above normal, the patient breathes

Back 40

rapidly and deeply

Front 41

inflammation and swelling of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea resulting in a seal bark is typically caused by

Back 41

croup

Front 42

the rate of breathing is typically increased when

Back 42

carbon dioxide levels increase

Front 43

_____ is a sign of hypoxia to the brain

Back 43

altered mental status

Front 44

an obstruction to the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the capillaries may result from

Back 44

pneumonia

Front 45

pulmonary edema can develop quickly after a major

Back 45

heart attack and/or inhaling toxic chemical fumes

Front 46

_____ is a loss of the elastic material around the air spaces as a result of chronic stretching of the alveoli

Back 46

emphysema

Front 47

____ is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system

Back 47

cystic fibrosis

Front 48

the patient with COPD usually presents with

Back 48

green or yellowish productive cough

Front 49

a pneumothorax is a partial or complete accumulation of air in the

Back 49

pleural space

Front 50

asthma produces a characteristic ____ as patients attempt to exhale through partially obstructed air passages

Back 50

wheezing

Front 51

an allergic response to certain foods or some other allergen may produce an acute

Back 51

asthma release

Front 52

treatment for anaphylaxis and acute asthma attacks

Back 52

epinephrine, high flow oxygen, antihistamine

Front 53

a collection of fluid outside the lungs on one or both sides of the chest is called

Back 53

pleural effusion

Front 54

always consider ____ in patients who were eating just before becoming short of breath

Back 54

upper airway obstruction

Front 55

____ is defined as overbreathing to the point that the level of arterial carbon dioxide falls below notmal

Back 55

hyperventilation

Front 56

which is an indication of inadequate breathing

Back 56

accessory muscle use, cyanosis, unequal chest expansion

Front 57

TF chronic bronchitis is characterized by spasm and narrowing of the bronchioles due to exposure of an allergen

Back 57

false

Front 58

TF with pneumothorax, the lung collapses because the negative vacuum pressure in the pleural space is lost

Back 58

True

Front 59

TF anaphylactic reactions occur only in patients with a previous history of asthma or allergies

Back 59

false

Front 60

TF decreased breath sounds in asthma occur because fluid in the pleural space has moved the lungs away from the chest wall

Back 60

false

Front 61

TF patients with carbon monoxide poisoning initially complain of headache, fatigue, and nausea

Back 61

true

Front 62

tf pulmonary edema is commonly associated with congestive heart failure

Back 62

true

Front 63

TF the distinction between hyperventilation and hyperventilation syndrome is straightforward and should guide the EMTs treatment choices

Back 63

false

Front 64

TF COPD most often results from cigarette smoking

Back 64

true

Front 65

TF asthma and COPD are characterized by long inspriratory times

Back 65

false

Front 66

TF MRSA is a bacterium that most commonly infects people with weak immune systems

Back 66

true

Front 67

TF when assessing a patient the general impression will help you decide whether the patients condition is stable or unstable

Back 67

true

Front 68

TF skin color capillary refill LOC and respiratory pattern are key in evaluating the respiratory patient

Back 68

true

Front 69

TF oxygen is typically withheld from COPD patients regardless of breathing status

Back 69

false

Front 70

TF side effects of inhalers used for acute shortness of breath include increased pulse rate, nervousness and muscle tremors

Back 70

true

Front 71

TF patients who are hyperventilating should be treated by having them breath into a bag

Back 71

false

Front 72

TF epiglottitis is more predominant in the adult population

Back 72

false

Front 73

TF an RSV infection can cause respiartory illness such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia

Back 73

true

Front 74

TF when assisting a patient with a small volumne nebulizer, the oxygen flowmeter should be set to 10 L/min

Back 74

false

Front 75

TF snoring sounds are indicative of a partial upper airway obstruction

Back 75

true

Front 76

TF signs and symptoms of pulmonary emboli include dyspnea, hemotypsis, and tachycardia

Back 76

true

Front 77

____ are high pitched sounds heard on inspiration as air tries to travel an upper airway obstruction

Back 77

stridor

Front 78

_____ are sounds of air trying to pass through fluid in the alveoli

Back 78

rales or crackles

Front 79

_____ are lower pitched sounds caused by secreations or mucus in the larger airways

Back 79

rhonchi

Front 80

5 characteristics of normal breathing

Back 80

normal rate
regular pattern
clear equal breath sounds
regular and equal rise and fall of chest
adequate depth

Front 81

list 6 conditions where wheezing can be found

Back 81

asthma
COPD
pneumonia
bronchitis
anaphylaxis

Front 82

describe chronic bronchitis

Back 82

ongoing irritation of the respitory tract, excess mucus production obstructs small airways, can lead to COPD

Front 83

list complications assiciated with a tracheostomy tube

Back 83

obstruction
bleeding
leaking
dislodgement
infection

Front 84

what is carbon dioxide retention

Back 84

chronically high levels of CO2 in the blood