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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Do Arteries have narrow or wide lumens? |
Narrow |
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How does the endothelium allow arteries cope with high blood pressure? |
The inner lining (endothelium) is folded, allowing the lumen to expand. |
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What is the name given to a small artery? |
Arterioles |
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From where and to where to arteries supply blood? |
From the heart to the body |
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What layer lies above the endothelium in an artery? |
Thick muscle layer |
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What is the outermost layer of an artery? |
Elastic Tissue layer |
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How does the Thick muscle layer of an artery allow arteries to cope with high blood pressure? |
Smooth muscle cells allow walls to constrict and dilate. |
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How does the elastic tissue layer allow the artery to cope with high blood pressure? |
Elastic tissue fibres allow walls to stretch and recoil. |
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What makes the elastic tissue layer so strong and durable? |
Collagen, which is a tough, fibrous protein. |
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To where to veins transport blood? |
From the body back to the heart |
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What is the name given to small veins? |
Venules |
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How to veins differ to arteries? |
1 - have a wider lumen. 2 - thinner muscle and elastic tissue layers. 3 - less collagen and fewer elastic fibres. 4 - contain valves. |
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What is the function of valves in veins? |
To prevent backflow of blood |
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What assists the movement of blood through the veins? |
1 - Contraction of skeletal and body muscles 2 - low pressure developed in the thorax when breathing 3 - movement of limbs |
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Why are the walls in veins thinner than those in arteries? |
The blood is under lower pressure. |
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In what blood vessel does metabolic exchange occur? |
Capillaries |
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What makes the structure of capillaries suitable for metabolic exchange? |
Their walls are only one cell thick, so the diffusion pathway is shorter meaning exchange occurs faster. |
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How do capillaries work as a network? |
Capillary networks in tissue form capillary beds that increase surface area for exchange. |
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Finish the sentence: Every time the heart contracts (systole) blood is forced into the... (blank) |
Arteries |
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Complete the sentence: The... (blank) artery walls can withstand the... (blank) pressure generated as blood is forced against them. |
Thick, High |
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Complete the sentence: During diastole, the... (blank) of the artery walls causes them to... (blank) behind the blood, helping to push the blood... (blank) and... (blank) blood flow. |
Elasticity Recoil Forward Smooth |
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Complete the sentence: blood moves along the length of an artery as each section in series... (blank) and... (blank) to move it forward. |
Stretches Recoils |
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Complete the sentence: By the time blood reaches the smaller arteries and capillaries there is a... (blank) flow of blood. |
Steady |
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Complete the sentence: The... (blank) lumen of capillaries causes blood to move more... (blank) as there is more... (blank) against the walls. |
Narrow Slowly Friction |
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Complete the sentence: The slower, steady flow allows... (blank) between the blood and surrounding cells through the one-cell-thick capillary walls. |
Exchange |
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Complete the sentence: The network of... (blank) that lies close to every cell ensures that there is... (blank) diffusion between the blood and surrounding cells. |
Capillaries Rapid/fast |
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Complete the sentence: The heart has a less direct effect of the flow of blood through... (blank) |
Veins |
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Complete the sentence: In veins blood flows... (blank) and without... (blank) as it is under relatively... (blank) pressure. |
Steadily Pulses Low |
