Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which growth factors can be given? |
- GM-CSF - granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor - G-CSF - grunulocyte colony stimulating factor - EPO - only erythrocytes - TPO - only platelets |
|
|
Name the recombinant EPO drugs |
Epoetin and Darbepoetin |
|
|
Mechanism of action of Epoetin and how is the half-life? |
Have exact same mechanism as EPO, but has another name because it is exogenous. Short half-life |
|
|
What is the difference between darbepoietin and epoietin? |
Darbepoietin is the same molecule as EPO, but is glycosylated to have longer half-life. |
|
|
Indications for EPO analogues |
- In anemia associated with renal failure - Anemia during chemotherapy - To prevent anemia in premature infants |
|
|
Side effects of EPO analogues? |
- Flulike symptoms due to immune reactions against the drug - Iron deficiency due to depletion of iron storages - Headache and hypertension due to increased viscosity |
|
|
Name recombinant G-CSF drugs |
Filgrastrin, Lenograstin and Pegfilgrastin |
|
|
How are the half-lives of the different recombinant G-CSF drugs? |
- Filgrastin has the shortest (it's G-CSF) - Lenograstim is glycosylated and has longer - Pegfilgrastim is "pegylated" and has the longest. |
|
|
When are G-CSF analogues indicated? |
- Neutropenia due to cytotoxic drugs - To harvest progenitor cells for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation - Aplastic anemia - Neutropenia in HIV |
|
|
Name GM-CSF analogues |
Molgramostim and sargamostim |
|
|
When are GM-CSF analogues indicated? |
In severe granulocytopenias |
|
|
Side effects of G-CSF and GM-CSF analogues? |
- Fever - Rash - GI disorders - Bone pain |
|
|
Name recombinant TPO drugs |
Elthrombopag, Romiplostin and Oprelvekin |
|
|
Mechanism of Eltrombopag? |
TPO receptor agonist |
|
|
Mechanism of Romiplostin? |
Is a fusion protein of TPO and another protein |
|
|
Mechanism of Oprelvekin? |
Same as IL-1, which stimulates platelet production |
|
|
When are TPO analogues indicated? |
In severe thrombocytopenia |
|
|
How can iron be administered? |
Orally (Fe2+ form), or parenterally by intramuscluar injection or IV. |
|
|
Side effects of iron supplements? |
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, constipation, diarrhea and anaphylactic reaction when given parenterally. |
|
|
What is used to treat iron overdose and hemochromatosis? |
Deforoxamine and deferiprone |
|
|
Vitamin B12 analogues? |
Hydroxocobalamin, cyanocobalamin |
|
|
How are the vit B12 analogues administrated? |
Orally, IV, IM |
|
|
Which drugs can cause deficiency of folic acid? |
Methotrexate and phenytoin |
|
|
Folic acid analogues? |
Folinic acid/leucovorin |
|
|
Name some iron chelators |
Deferoxamine, deferiprone |
