Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Social construction |
Not natural or pre existing in society. Something created, implemented and altered by society to suit dominant cultures. Situational |
|
|
Situational deviance |
When an act may be considered criminal or deviant in one situation but not another. |
|
|
Example of situational deviance |
Murder is illegal in UK but in a war zone British soldiers are trained to kill so not viewed as negative. |
|
|
How laws change in different places. |
. |
|
|
Possession of cannabis |
Legal - Canada Illegal - Cape Verde Why - decriminalisation |
|
|
Jaywalking |
Legal - England Illegal - America Why - not of public concern |
|
|
FGM |
Legal - Sierra Leone Illegal - England Why - different cultural views |
|
|
How laws change overtime. |
. |
|
|
Changing social values |
Homosexuality Divorce |
|
|
Changing morality |
Homosexuality Prostitution Adultery |
|
|
Changing ethics |
Capital punishment Abortion Euthanasia |
|
|
Changing technology |
Software piracy Cyber bullying Sexting Phishing E-stalking |
|
|
How laws change in different cultures. |
. |
|
|
Adultery |
UK - not criminal Legal - UK, European countries Illegal - Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, 1/2 states in USA |
|
|
Honour crimes |
UK - illegal Legal - Middle Eastern countries, South Asia Illegal - UK, Pakistan, USA, Europe |
|
|
Homosexuality |
UK - legal Legal - All European countries, some parts of America Illegal - Yemen, India, Uganda |
|
|
Rule of law |
Everyone is subject to law and must be applied equally. There may be some cases where it is applied different. |
|
|
Age influences how laws are applied |
Criminal responsibility: UK:10 Canada:12 Bangladesh:9 China:under 16 |
|
|
Actus reus |
Guilty act |
|
|
Mens rea |
Guilty mind |
|
|
Diminished responsibility |
Things which may have impacted thinking |
|
|
Murder to manslaughter |
Diminished responsibility or loss of control |
|
|
Defences which may show a person is not guilty |
Consent Self defence Automatism |
|
|
Consent |
Non fatal offences Victim allowed the offence Not everyone able to consent
|
|
|
Self defence |
Threat must be specific and imminent Necessary and reasonable force Subjective - fear they will be struck Objective - reasonable force |
|
|
Automatism |
Committing crime while suffering from malfunction of mind: Concussion, hypnotism, stroke, anaesthetic Not insane but lack of control |
|
|
How has capital punishment changed in society? |
It has been abolished, miscarriage of justice can happen |
|
|
What is double jeopardy and how has it changed in society? |
It is when a person cannot be tried more than once - it is not allowed now, people can be tried if substantial evidence |
|
|
How have attitudes concerning prostitution changed? |
Less stigma towards it - changing norms and social codes Decline in religion Increased moral tolerance |
|
|
How have attitudes towards vagrancy changed? |
Sympathy and concern Victimless crime - unreported |
