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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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type of energy conversion that happens in cell respiration
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chemical energy to chemical energy
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form of chemical energy made by cell respiration
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ATP
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form of chemical energy taken in by cell respiration
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organic compounds such as glucose
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beginning pathway of cell respiration found in both anaerobic and anaerobic cells
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glycolysis
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type of respiration that occurs if cell does not have oxygen
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anaerobic
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cell part not needed for anaerobic respiration
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mitochondrion
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number of ATPs used in glycolysis to get the reactions started
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2
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number of ATPs made during glycolysis
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4 for a profit of 2
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key 3-carbon compound made by glycolysis
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pyruvic acid
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general name for glycolysis plus one or two additional reactions
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fermentation
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types of fermentation
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alcohol or lactic acid
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wastes produced by alcohol fermentation
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ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide
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waste produced by lactic acid fermentation
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lactic acid
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occurs in muscle cells short of oxygen
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anaerobic respiration also called lactic acid fermentation
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common living thing that does alochol fermentation
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yeast
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practical uses of yeast fermenation
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making bread and pizza, wine, beer, ethanol for fuel
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efficiency of anaerobic respiration
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only 2 ATP's made, which is 3.5% of the glucose's original energy; this is not very efficient compared to aerobic
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first living things probably did _____ respiration
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anaerobic
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three major stages of aerobic respiration
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glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, electron transport chain
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liquid portion inside of the mitochondrion
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matrix
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contains the enzymes to do the Kreb's cycle
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the matrix inside the mitochondrion
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contain the enzymes to do glycolysis
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cytoplasm, not the mitochondrion
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shuttle molecule that travels from the pyruvate in glycolysis to the Kreb's cycle
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acetyl CoA
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gas made by Kreb's cycle
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carbon dioxide
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made by the Kreb's cycle
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NAPH, ATP, carbon dioxide, FADH2
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enters the Kreb's cycle
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acetyl CoA
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where the electron transport chain is located
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inner mitochondrial membrane
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what is passed through the electron transport chain
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electrons
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what the electron transport chain pumps out through the inner mitochondrial membrane
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hydrogen ions
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what makes ATP synthase work
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a concentration difference (gradient) in hydrogen ions between the outer and inner mitochodrial membranes
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final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration
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oxygen
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what is made when the hydrogens, oxygen, and electrons combine at the end of respiration
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water
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number of ATP made by aerobic respiration
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38
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efficiency of aerobic respiration
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38 ATP are made, which is 56% of the energy from the glucose, this is 20x as efficient as anaerobic respiration
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waste products of aerobic respiration
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carbon dioxide and water
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purpose of aerobic respiration
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to make ATP
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