101 Naval Heritage

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101.1 State the Sailor's Creed

Back 1

I am a United States Sailor.

I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States of America and I will obey the orders of those appointed over me.

I represent the fighting spirit of the Navy and those who have gone before me to defend freedom and democracy around the world.

I proudly serve my country's Navy combat team with Honor, Courage and Commitment.

I am committed to excellence and the fair treatment of all.

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101.2 State the Navy's Core Values

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Honor – Courage – Commitment

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101.3 State the Eleven General Orders of a Sentry.

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To take charge of this post and all government property in view.

To walk my post in a military manner, keeping always on the alert, and observing everything that takes place within sight or hearing.

To report all violations of orders I am instructed to enforce.

To repeat all calls from posts more distant from the guard house than my own.

To quit my post only when properly relieved.

To receive, obey, and pass on to the sentry who relieves me all orders from the Commanding Officer, Command Duty Officer, Officer of the Deck, and Officers and Petty Officers of the Watch only.

To talk to no one except in the line of duty.

To give the alarm in case of fire or disorder.

To call the Officer of the Deck in any case not covered by instructions.

To salute all officers and colors and standards not cased.

To be especially watchful at night and during the time for challenging, to challenge all persons on or near my post, and to allow no one to pass without proper authority.

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101.4 What Three major classes of Warship existed at the inception of the navy?

Back 4

Ships-of-the-line

Frigates

Sloops-of-war

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101.5 What is the oldest US Navy Commissioned Vessel?

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USS Constitution

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101.6 What date is the Navy's Birthday?

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October 13, 1775

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101.7 Discuss the conditions that led to the formation of the US Navy.

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English Parlament passed several tax laws that affected the colonists known as "taxation without representation" This first congress met in 5 September 1774. At the meeting, the Congress produced a statement of rights it believed England should grant to the colonists. Then in October of 1774 the statement of rights was presented to the king.

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101.8 What was the first navy ship named after an enlisted man.

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Osmond Ingram (DD 255). It was launched 28 Feb 1919. Ingram was the first enlisted man killed in action in World War I, lost when the destroyer Cassin (DD 43) was torpedoed in October 1917.

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101.9a Discuss the following military customs and courtesies: Hand salute

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Originated when men in armor raised their helmet visors so they could be identified. Salutes are customarily given with the right hand

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101.9b Discuss the following military customs and courtesies: Saluting the Ensign

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Each person in the naval service, upon coming on board a ship of the Navy, shall salute the national ensign. He shall stop on reaching the upper platforms of the accommodation ladder, or the shipboard end of the brow, face the national ensign, and render the salute, after which he shall salute the officer of the deck. On leaving the ship, he shall render the salutes in inverse order.

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101.9c Discuss the following military customs and courtesies: Dipping the Ensign

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When a merchant ship of any nation formally recognized by the U.S. salutes a ship of the U.S. Navy, it lowers its national colors to half-mast. The Navy ship, at its closest point of approach, lowers the ensign to half-mast for a few seconds, then closes it up, after which the merchant ship raises its own flag.

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101.9d Discuss the following military customs and courtesies: Gun salute

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In olden days it took as much as 20 minutes to load and fire a gun, so that a ship that fired her guns in salute did so as a friendly gesture, making herself powerless for the duration of the salute

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101.9d Answer the following military customs and courtesies: How many Guns does a Admiral, Vice Admiral, Rear Admiral, and Commodore receive?

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Admiral: 17 guns

Vice Admiral: 15 guns

Rear Admiral: 13 guns

Commodore: 11 guns

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101.10 Describe the courtesies rendered during Colors and/or the National Anthem.

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If outdoors, render hand salute; if indoors, stand at attention. Hold this position until the last note of music has been played.

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101.11a Define the following term: National Flag

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A national flag is a flag that symbolizes a country.

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101.11b Define the following term: Ensign

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An ensign is a national flag when used at sea as a country's maritime flag.

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101.11c Define the following term: Merchant Ensign

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A Merchant ensign, is the national flag flown by civil ships (merchant ships and others, as opposed to military) to denote nationality.

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101.11d Define the following term: Fly

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Length of the flag.

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101.11e Define the following term: Hoist

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Width of the flag.

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101.11f Define the following term: Union Jack

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That rectangular blue portion of the U.S. national flag

containing the stars. This portion is also called the Union Jack.

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101.12a Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: Voyage of the Great White Fleet

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On December 16, 1907, the Great White Fleet left Hampton Roads, Virginia, for a round-the-world cruise to show the flag. The exercise demonstrated the strength of the U.S. Navy

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101.12b Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: Attack on Pearl Harbor.

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December 7, 1941, the “Rising Sun” came out of the west when the Japanese pounced on Pearl Harbor. On that morning, over 15 U.S. Navy ships were sunk or damaged, including all 8 battleships of the Pacific Fleet

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101.12c Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: The Battle of Coral Sea.

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7-8 May 1942. At the Battle of Coral Sea, the two fleets never saw each other—the battle was fought entirely with aircraft launched from carriers.

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101.12d Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: Battle of Normandy

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June 6, 1944, invasion of Normandy—the largest amphibious operation in history. The greatest armada ever assembled carried out mine-sweeping, shore-bombardment, amphibious operations, and transported supplies and troops

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101.12e Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: The Battle of Midway

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3-5 June 1942, The turning point of the war in the Pacific came the at the Battle of Midway

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101.12f Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: Guadalcanal

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November 1942. The Navy fought the Battle of Guadalcanal. After 3 days of bitter fighting, the Japanese naval forces retreated, and U.S. Marines were able to secure the island

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101.12g Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: The Battle of Leyte Gulf.

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October 23, 1944, The Japanese fleet's last-chance effort to salvage the Philippines, the Japanese sent a naval force to the Leyte Gulf to attack the U.S. Fleet. The operation was a complete failure causing the final blow to the Japanese Navy.

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101.12h Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: USS Independence

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101.12i Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: USS Forrestal Fire.

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101.12j Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: USS Stark attack

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May 1987, an Iraqi aircraft mistakenly fired two missiles that struck USS Stark (FFG-31), killing 37 sailors and wounding many more.

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101.12k Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: USS Cole attack

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101.12l Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to Naval History: September 11, 2001 attacks.

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