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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where on the PV loop do you measure EDV?
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lower right corner
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Where on the PV loop do you measure ESV?
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lower left corner
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Where on the PV loop do you measure peak systolic LVP?
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highest point of systolic curve
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Where do you calculate EDP?
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lower right corner
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How do you calculate SV?
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EDV - ESV = SV
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How do you calculate EF?
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SV/EDV = EF
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How do you calculate diastolic compliance?
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Dc = Vd/Pd = EDV/EDP = [ml/mmHg]
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What's going on with Patient Z?
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reduced preload
so, clinically, something that would lower the blood volume or how much blood is being returned to the heart: hemorrhage edema tilt table pt on diruetic hypovolemia CHF excessive venous expansion |
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What's up with pt X?
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high afterload because SV decreases even though pressure increases
aka increased arteriole pressure so a vasoconstrictor, stenosis of aortic valve |
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What's going on with this pt?
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check it:
preload is reduced because of low EDV, but since EDP is also reduced, it doesn't make since for there to be a hypovolemia EDP is increased, so there is something causing the preload to go down, but the pressure to go up. think about external pressure like CHF and fluid around the heart and lungs or hypertropthy here. |
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What is normal EDP?
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1 - 8 mmHg... ish
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What's going on here?
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increased preload
decreased contractility decreased afterload reduced SV reduced EF classic figure for CHF |
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What's going on here?
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increased preload
decreased contractility decreased afterload reduced SV reduced EF classic figure for CHF |
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What's up here?
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120/80 aortic pressure is normal
relative aortic pressure is normal relative ventricular pressure is normal left atrial pressure increases drastically during systole... this is not normal cause: mitral valve incompetence: regurgitation as the V contracts, it squirts blood back into the A and causes a jump in pressure. |
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What's going on here?
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relative aortic/LV pressures are good
absolute pressures are not good. highly reduced LV and aortic pressure in general constantly elevated left atrial pressure with an appropriate response to systole. so it's not mitral regurg because of the normal left atrial response. but since the atrium is constantly elevated and the ventricle never gets to normal pressure, it seems like blood is having a hard time getting from the atrium to the ventricle. snapple. mitral valve stenosis. |
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What is tamponade?
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Cardiac tamponade also known as pericardial tamponade, is an emergency condition in which fluid accumulates in the pericardium (the sac in which the heart is enclosed). If the fluid significantly elevates the pressure on the heart it will prevent the heart's ventricles from filling properly. This in turn leads to a low stroke volume. The end result is ineffective pumping of blood, shock, and often death.
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Check this out.
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left atrial good
aorta and LVP is not right the LVP has to get much much higher to get to aorta, but it's not due to aortic pressure... hmmmmm aortic valve stenosis |
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A, B, C, D, E.
Go. |
A. little change to EDV, big change to ESV - increased contractility
B. SV reduced, EF reduced, EDV increased, ESV increased, somewhat increased preload (due to fluid accumulation most likely) - reduced/failure related contractility C. reduced preload, reduced SV, reduced EDV, reduced ESV, EF increased - looks like hypovolemia, reduced preload D. preload normal, SV low, EF low, ESV up - contractility failure w/o compensation E. high preload, high SV, high EDV - hypervolemia (volume expansion) |
