004_Behavior Analysis - Chapter 6 - Quiz

Front 1

What is the procedure of nondiscriminative avoidance called

Back 1

Sidman avoidance

Front 2

What aspect of escape and avoidance involves the time between shocks produced by responses

Back 2

shock-shock

Front 3

What aspect of escape and avoidance involves the time away from shocks produced by responses

Back 3

response-shock

Front 4

In the treatment of self-injurious behavior, what is used to eliminate the need for physical restraint

Back 4

skin-shock treatment

Front 5

In terms of aversive stimuli, what are threats and failing grades considered

Back 5

conditioned

Front 6

In terms of aversive stimuli, what are attacks and foul odors considered

Back 6

primary

Front 7

If a wheel is running is a lower frequency operant, then how will wheel running effect drinking

Back 7

punish

Front 8

If a wheel is running is a higher frequency operant, then how will wheel running effect drinking

Back 8

reinforce

Front 9

Operant avoidance prevents respondent extinction

Back 9

operant-respondent interactions

Front 10

For learned helplessness, what effect does pre-exposure to escape to helplessness

Back 10

blocks

Front 11

For learned helplessness, what brings on helplessness

Back 11

inescapable aversive stimulation

Front 12

With regard to respondent aggression, Ulrich and Azrin, found the at the probability of attack for any single shock

Back 12

increase as the number of shocks went up

Front 13

Who discovered a game played by 18th century sailors that involved tying boys in a ring, telling each boy to hit another when he was hit, a slight tap on one boy

Back 13

Skinner

Front 14

In terms of dropping out, Sidman indicates that one basic element is

Back 14

escape due to negative reinforcement

Front 15

operant avoidance prevents respondent extinction

Back 15

negative punishment

Front 16

The time between shocks or the ______ interval and the time away from shocks produced by responses or the ______ interval are two aspects of escape and avoidance:

Back 16

shock-shock, response-shock

Front 17

Regarding the side effects of punishment, Solomon's (1969) solution is to

Back 17

search for rules or principles governing side effects

Front 18

In terms of operant-respondent interactions, persistence, and avoidance:

Back 18

operant avoidance prevents respondent extinction

Front 19

For learned helplessness, pre-exposure to escape ______ the helplessness brought on by ______ aversive stimulation:

Back 19

blocks, inescapable

Front 20

An event or stimulus that an organism evades, escapes, or avoids.

Back 20

aversive stimulus

Front 21

A negative reinforcement procedure in which the onset of a stimulus or event following behavior is prevented and the rate of response increases.

Back 21

avoidance

Front 22

The 'use of punishment and the threat of punishment to get others to act as we would like, and to our practice of rewarding people just by letting them escape from our punishments and threats'

Back 22

coercion

Front 23

An aversive stimulus that acquires its function based on a history of conditioning.

Back 23

conditioned aversive stimulus

Front 24

This is avoidance behavior emitted as a function of a warning stimulus.

Back 24

discriminated avoidance

Front 25

A negative reinforcement procedure in which an ongoing event or stimulus (shock) is removed and the rate of response increases.

Back 25

escape

Front 26

In this phenomenon, an animal is first exposed to inescapable and severe aversive stimulation (shocks), but eventually gives up

Back 26

learned helplessness

Front 27

These types of accounts of behavior are concerned with large-scale factors that regulate responding over a long period of time.

Back 27

molar perspective

Front 28

These types of accounts of behavior focus on small moment-to-moment relationships between behavior and its consequences.

Back 28

molecular perspective

Front 29

A procedure that involves the removal of an event or stimulus following behavior that has the effect of decreasing the rate of response.

Back 29

negative punishment

Front 30

Any event or stimulus that increases the probability (rate of occurrence) of an operant when it is removed (or prevented).

Back 30

negative reinforcer

Front 31

A procedure where a stimulus or event following behavior is removed (or prevented) and the rate of response increases.

Back 31

negative reinforcement

Front 32

A procedure used to train avoidance responding in which no warning stimulus is presented

Back 32

nondiscriminated avoidance (Sidman)

Front 33

Aggressive operant behavior that is reinforced by the removal of an aversive event.

Back 33

operant aggression

Front 34

A procedure that involves the presentation of an event or stimulus following behavior that has the effect of decreasing the rate of response.

Back 34

positive punishment

Front 35

An aversive stimulus that has acquired its properties as a function of species history.

Back 35

primary aversive stimulus

Front 36

A stimulus that decreases the frequency of an operant that produces it

Back 36

punisher

Front 37

As a procedure, following an operant with a punisher; also refers to a decrease in operant behavior when it is followed by a punisher or when reinforcement is withdrawn contingent on responding.

Back 37

punishment

Front 38

According to the Premack principle, a lower frequency operant will punish a higher frequency behavior. This is known as _____.

Back 38

relativity of punishment

Front 39

Aggression elicited by the presentation of an aversive stimulus or event.

Back 39

respondent aggression

Front 40

On an avoidance schedule, the time from a response that postpones shock to the onset of the aversive stimulus, assuming another response does not occur.

Back 40

response shock interval

Front 41

The scheduled time between shocks on an avoidance schedule.

Back 41

shock-shock interval

Front 42

A negative side effect of punishment in which the person who delivers punishment and the context become conditioned aversive stimuli.

Back 42

social disruption