Section 1:the Geosphere

Front 1

Geosphere

Back 1

the mostly solid, rocky part of the Earth; extands from the center of the core to the surface of the crust.

Front 2

atmosphere

Back 2

a misture of gasses that surrounds a planet or moon.

Front 3

hydrosphere

Back 3

the portion of Earth that is water

Front 4

biosphere

Back 4

the part of the Earth where life exists

Front 5

crust

Back 5

the thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle

Front 6

mantle

Back 6

the layer of rock between the Earth's crust and core

Front 7

core

Back 7

the cenrtal part of the Earh below the mantle

Front 8

erosion

Back 8

the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another

Front 9

lithosphere

Back 9

the Earth's rigid, most outward layer

Front 10

tectonic plates

Back 10

plates that move slowly around Earth's surface on the underlying semisolid mantle layer called the asthenosphere.

Front 11

asthenosphere

Back 11

one of Earth's 5 main layers, where plates move upon

Front 12

mesosphere

Back 12

the lower layer of the mantle, one of Earth's 5 main layers

Front 13

outer core

Back 13

made up of liquid and nickel, one of the Earth's 5 main layers

Front 14

inner core

Back 14

made of solid iron and nickel, one of the Earth's 5 main layers

Front 15

radation

Back 15

the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves

Front 16

conduction

Back 16

the transfer of energy as heat through a material

Front 17

convection

Back 17

the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas

Front 18

the troposphere

Back 18

the atmospheric layer in which we live that extends form the surface of Earth to an altitude of about 12 km

Front 19

the stratosphere

Back 19

the atmospheric layer immediately above the troposphere which extends up to about 50 km

Front 20

the mesosphere

Back 20

the layer above the stratosphere that extends up to 80 km

Front 21

the thermosphere

Back 21

the layer farthest from Earth's surface that extends from 80 km to 500 km

Front 22

surface current

Back 22

a horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occcurs at or near the ocean's surface

Front 23

deep current

Back 23

a streamlike movement of a ocean water for below the surface

Front 24

aquifer

Back 24

a body of rock or sediment that stores groundwater and allows the flow of groundwater

Front 25

rock cycle

Back 25

the series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from one type to antoher, it destroyed, and forms again by geologic processes

Front 26

water cycle

Back 26

the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, hte land, and the oceans

Front 27

carbon cycle

Back 27

the movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back

Front 28

nitrogen cycle

Back 28

the process in which nitrogen circulates among the air, soil, water, plants, and animals in an ecosystem

Front 29

continental drift

Back 29

the hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations

Front 30

sea-floor spreading

Back 30

the process by which new onceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and solidifies