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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mechanism Attitude MC lesion associated Nerve injury associated ? Treatment ? MC complication - overall, early & late |
Anterior dislocation of rt shoulder subcoracoid type (M/C)
FOOSH, direct trauma ABER
MC lesion - Bankart
MC nv injury - axillary nv - MC early complication MC late complication & MC complication overall - recurrent dislocation
Reduction ASAP by modified Kocher's method - traction > ER > adduction > medial rotation |
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MC jt prone to dislocation |
Shoulder jt -most mobile |
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Name of rotator cuff muscles |
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres major Subscapularis |
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MC type of shoulder dislocation |
Anterior > posterior > lateral |
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Complication associated with this |
Anterior dislocation of left shoulder causing Bankart lesion - injury to anteroinferior part of glenoid with avulsion - reccurent shoulder dislocation |
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Anterior dislocation of right shoulder with Bankart lesion & Hill Sach's defect Posterolateral depression # of humeral head, wedge shaped Usually a/w Bankart lesion which is much more common |
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Mechanism Attitude Lesions associated |
Electrocution Seizure ds - Convulsion ADIR Reverse Bankart, reverse Hill Sach's lesion |
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Light bulb sign radio |
Posterior dislocation of shoulder - humeral head faces anteriorly Phaeochromocytoma on T2 MRI |
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Classification system Nv injury Conplication Treatment |
Neer classification - 4 part Head Greater trochanter Lesser trochanter Shaft Axillary nv injury Stiffness Undisplaced # - arm sling Unstable # - open Sx |
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Anatomical & surgical neck of humerus |
.. |
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Important structure injury associated with this |
Holstein Lewis # - jn of upper 2/3 & lower 1/3 Radial nv injury # with no radial nv palsy - U slab |
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MC # associated with radial nv injury |
Holstein Lewis # - jn bw upper 2/3 & lower 1/3 of humeral shaft |
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Relation to articular capsule Complications treatment |
# lateral epicondyle of left humerus
Intraarticular
Stiffness NON UNION - Cubitus valgus deformity Turdy ulnar nv palsy Surgery |
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Cubitus valgus deformity of left elbow ^ carrying angle Lateral epicondyle # Turdy ulnar nv palsy
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Cause |
Cubitus varus deformity of left elbow - decreased carrying angle Supracondylar # humerus - malunion Gunstock deformity |
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# of necessity & its treatment |
Any intra articular # Surgical treatment # neck femur # Talus # Lateral epicondyle of humerus Monteggia # Galeazzi # |
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Age Mechanism MC structures injured Complications |
Supracondylar # left humerus Children - FOOSH Anterior interosseous nv & radial artery Early complication - Brachial artery injury - compartment syndrome - Volkman's ischemia - VIC Late complication - 1. Malunion - cubitus varus 2. Volkman's ischemic contracture Myositis ossificans |
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MC cause of compartment syndrome overall & in children |
# MC # - shaft of tibia Children - supracondylar # of humerus |
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Presention & treatment of compartment syndrome |
PAIN - especially on passive stretching Paraesthesia Pallor Absence of pulse Paralysis Fasciotomy |
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Structure injured |
Monteggia # Rt Proximal 1/3 of ulna # + dislocation of radial head
Posterior interosseous nv injury - finger drop Open surgery |
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Galeazzi # reverse Monteggia Distal 1/3 of radial shaft dislocation pf ulna interosseous membrane tear ORIF with plate |
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# radius & ulna treatment |
Adult - ORIF with plating Children - POP |
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Isolated # left ulna Self defense nightstick # ORIF + plating |
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Mechanism Displacements complications deformity treatment |
Extra articular # of distal end of radius with dorsal displacement of distal fragment
FOOSH Dorsal tilt & shift, lateral tilt & shift, impaction, supination
MC complication - stiffness Malunion dinner fork deformity
Colle's cast - handshaking 1. Prone 2. ulnar deviation 3. palmar flexion of wrist Thumb free
CRIF + k wire |
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MC dislocation in children |
Elbow jt |
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Terrible triad of Hotchkiss Elbow posterior dislocation Radial head # Coronoid # |
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Age attitude types structure injured |
Elbow dislocation Children Flexion at elbow MC posterior > postero lateral MC nv injury ulnar nerve |
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Pulled elbow Children |
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Torus # distal end of radius Rt Only buckling no cortical break |
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Age |
Greenstick # - cortical break of one side Children |
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Mechanism complication deformity treatment |
Smith # reverse Colles # - Extra articular # of distal end of radius with palmar displacement of distal fragment FOOSH with wrist in flexion Garden spade deformity ORIF with plating |
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Best view for Dx |
# scaphoid Rt FOOSH
Often undiagnosed in AP view > non union & Avascular necrosis Oblique view
Glass holding cast - Dorsiflexion Radial deviation |
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# Base of 1st metacarpal / Bennet # intra articular partial # Displacement of metacarpal due to pull of APL |
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# base of metacarpal, intra articular, complete # with no displacement / Rolando # |
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Best view, treatment |
Skyline view TBW Cylindrical cast |
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Tension band wiring donein |
# patella # olecranon |
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Avascular necrosis occurs in |
# neck femur # neck talus # scaphoid |
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Symptoms distribution |
Melorheostosis Flowing ossification - flowing candle wax Congenital dysplasia of mesenchyme Asymptomatic/ mild pain Monomelic - linear distribution along the series of bones |
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Multiple enchondromas without haemangioma - Ollier's ds Benign Multiple osteolytic expansile lesions with stippled calcifications. Ring & arc calcification.
Haemangioma to be ruled out - bluish swelling. Tine calcifications knows as Phleboliths in soft tissue. Mafucci syndrome - multiple enchondromas + haemangiomas |
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Maffucci syndrome - multiple enchondromas + haemangiomas |
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1. Increased proliferation of soft tissues + synovial tissues - increased joint spaces 2. Distal phalanges resemble Spade |
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Subperiosteal bone resorption of radial aspect of middle & proximal phalanges especially 2nd & 3rd digit
Hyperparathyroidism Skull - salt & pepper Teeth - loss of lamina dura Spine - rugger jersey Long bones - Browne tumour |
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Chondrocalcinosis - calcification of articular cartilage. TFCC wrist - truangular cartilage complex Pseudogout - Ca pyrophosphate deposition Primary hyperparathyroidism |
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Multiple enchondromas without haemangioma - Ollier's ds Benign Multiple osteolytic expansile lesions with stippled calcifications. Ring & arc calcification.
Haemangioma to be ruled out - bluish swelling. Tine calcifications knows as Phleboliths in soft tissue. Mafucci syndrome - multiple enchondromas + haemangiomas |
