English Article Vocabs

Front 1

Yek

Back 1

One

Front 2

Do

Back 2

Two

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Thre

Back 3

Se

Front 4

streamlined

Back 4

ساده

Front 5

immense

Back 5

عظیم

extremely large or great, especially in scale or degree.the cost of restoration has been immense

synonyms: huge, vast, massive, enormous, gigantic, colossal, great, very large/big, monumenta

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seminal

Back 6

(of a work, event, moment, or figure) strongly influencing later developments.his seminal work on chaos theory

synonyms: influential, formative, groundbreaking, pioneering, original, innovative, major, important

بدوی

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metaphor

Back 7

a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.“I had fallen through a trapdoor of depression,” said Mark, who was fond of theatrical metaphors

synonyms: figure of speech, image, trope, analogy, comparison, symbol, word painting/picture

استعاره

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delineating

Back 8

describe or portray (something) precisely.the law should delineate and prohibit behavior that is socially abhorrent

synonyms: describe, set forth/out, present, outline, sketch, depict, represent, map out, define

تعریف کردن

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hitherto

Back 9

until now or until the point in time under discussion.there is a need to replace what has hitherto been a haphazard method of payment

synonyms: previously, formerly, earlier, before, beforehand, so far, thus far, to date, as yet

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expedition

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a journey or voyage undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose, especially that of exploration, scientific research, or war.an expedition to the jungles of the Orinoco

synonyms: journey, voyage, tour, odyssey, exploration, safari, trek, hike; trip, excursion

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overarching

Back 11

forming an arch over something.the overarching mangroves

کلاهبرداری

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Undertaking

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a formal pledge or promise to do something.I give an undertaking that we shall proceed with the legislation

synonyms: pledge, agreement, promise, oath, covenant, vow, commitment, guarantee

تعهد

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constituent

Back 13

being a part of a whole.the constituent minerals of the rock

synonyms: component, integral, elemental, basic, essential,

تشکیل دهنده

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imperative

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of vital importance; crucial.immediate action was imperative

synonyms: vitally important, of vital importance, all-important, vital, crucial, critical, essential,

امری ضروری

Front 15

Precedence

Back 15

the condition of being considered more important than someone or something else; priority in importance, order, or rank.his desire for power soon took precedence over any other consideration

synonyms: priority, rank, seniority, superiority, primacy, preeminence, eminence

اولویت

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conceivable

Back 16

capable of being imagined or grasped mentally.a mass uprising was entirely conceivable

synonyms: imaginable, possible, plausible, tenable, credible, believable, thinkable, feasible

قابل تصور است

ممکن پذیر است

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decorous

Back 17

in keeping with good taste and propriety; polite and restrained.dancing with decorous space between partners

synonyms: proper, seemly, decent, becoming, befitting, tasteful, correct, appropriate, suitable

مودب

اراسته

زینت‌دار

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lacunae

Back 18

an unfilled space or interval; a gap.the journal has filled a lacuna in Middle Eastern studies

جای خالی

حفره

نقطه ابهام

... to addressing this lacunae ...

Front 19

heuristics

Back 19

a heuristic process or method.It should be pointed out that this process is a heuristic .

بحی اکتشافی

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expound

Back 20

present and explain (a theory or idea) systematically and in detail.he was expounding a powerful argument

synonyms: present, put forward, set forth, propose, propound, explain, give an explanation of

به تفصیل شرح دادن

تفسیر کردن

واضح کردن

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pervasive

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(especially of an unwelcome influence or physical effect) spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people.ageism is pervasive and entrenched in our society

synonyms: prevalent, pervading, permeating, extensive, ubiquitous, omnipresent, universal, rife

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incidental

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adjective

accompanying but not a major part of something.for the fieldworker who deals with real problems, paperwork is incidental

synonyms: less important, secondary, subsidiary, minor, peripheral, background, nonessential, inessential, unimportant, insignificant, inconsequential, tangential, extrinsic, extraneous, superfluous, de minimis

liable to happen as a consequence of (an activity). the ordinary risks incidental to a fireman's job

synonyms: connected with, related to, associated with, accompanying, attending, attendant on, concomitant to/with

noun

an incidental detail, expense, event, etc..

"an allowance to cover meals, taxis, and other incidentals"

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scripture

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the sacred writings of Christianity contained in the Bible.passages of scripture

Synonymsnounbook, word, bible, word of god, good book

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poised

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adjective

having a composed and self-assured manner.

Keira was always in control, always composed, poised and confident.

verb

be or cause to be balanced or suspended.he poised motionless on his toes

synonyms: balance, hold (oneself) steady, be suspended, remain motionless, hang, hover

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عدد ۱۵۰۰ چطور خوانده میشود؟

Back 25

fifteen hundred

The start of the sixteenth hour of the day on the 24-hour clock i.e. 15:00.

The number one thousand five hundred.

The year 1500.

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Liquid tumors

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Tumors composed of hematopoietic (blood)cells, such as leukemias. Though lymphomas generally formsolid masses in lymph nodes, they are often classified asliquid tumors because of their derivation from hematopoietic cells and ability to travel through lymphatics.

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Nonsense mutation

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A single-nucleotide substitution(e.g., C to T) that results in the production of a stop codon

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Nonsynonymous mutation:

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A mutation that alters theencoded amino acid sequence of a protein. These includemissense, nonsense, splice site, translation start, translation stop, and indel mutations.

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Single-base substitution (SBS):

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A single-nucleotidesubstitution (e.g., C to T) relative to a reference sequenceor, in the case of somatic mutations, relative to thegermline genome of the person with a tumor.

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Solid tumors:

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Tumors that form discrete masses, suchas carcinomas or sarcomas

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Subclonal mutation:

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A mutation that exists in only asubset of the neoplastic cells within a tumor.

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discrete

Back 32

adjective

individually separate and distinct.speech sounds are produced as a continuous sound signal rather than discrete units

synonyms: separate, distinct, individual, detached, unattached, disconnected, discontinuous, disjunct, disjoined

Synonyms

adjective

separate, distinct, individual, detached, unattached, disconnected, discontinuous, disjunct, disjoined distinct

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Subtle

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adjective

(especially of a change or distinction) so delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyze or describe.his language expresses rich and subtle meanings

synonyms: fine, fine-drawn, nice, hair-splitting

subtly = zirakane, namahsous

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pediatric

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مربوط به امراض کودکان

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Declarations

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noun

a formal or explicit statement or announcement.they issued a declaration at the close of the talks

synonyms: announcement, statement, communication, pronouncement, proclamation, communiqué, edict, advisory

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divergence

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the process or state of diverging.the divergence between primates and other groups

synonyms: separation, dividing, parting, forking, bifurcation

the inner product of the operator del and a given vector, which gives a measure of the quantity of flux emanating from any point of the vector field or the rate of loss of mass, heat, etc., from it.Our example here is technical in nature, but some traders use a P / E ratio or other fundamental factors to measure correlation and divergence .

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replenish

Back 37

fill (something) up again.he replenished Justin's glass with mineral water

synonyms: refill, top up, fill up, recharge, freshen

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miniscule

Back 38

extremely small; tiny.a minuscule fragment of DNA

synonyms: tiny, minute, microscopic, nanoscale, very small, little, micro, diminutive, miniature, baby, dwarf, Lilliputian, teeny, teeny-weeny, teensy, teensy-weensy, itsy-bitsy, eensy, eensy-weensy, weeof or in lowercase letters, as distinct from capitals or uncials.The small ( minuscule ) letters are earth symbols- the (majuscule) capital letter A is a picture of the missing capstone from Khufu's pyramid.

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lodge

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noun

a small house at the gates of a park or in the grounds of a large house, typically occupied by a gatekeeper, gardener, or other employee.The house, the entrance lodge and garden of just over an acre comprise lot one.synonyms: gatehouse, cottagea branch or meeting place of an organization such as the Freemasons.Some of their public meetings and conventions were recorded, but I have been unable to locate minutes from any secret meetings of individual lodges .synonyms: hall, clubhouse, meeting room

verb

present (a complaint, appeal, claim, etc.) formally to the proper authorities.he has 28 days in which to lodge an appeal

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conferring

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verb

grant or bestow (a title, degree, benefit, or right).

moves were made to confer an honorary degree on her

synonyms: bestow on, present to, grant to, award to, decorate with, honor with, give to, endow with, extend toذhave discussions; exchange opinions.the officials were conferring with allies

synonyms: consult, talk, speak, converse, have a chat, have a tête-à-tête, parley, have a confab, powwow

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recapitulate

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summarize and state again the main points of.he began to recapitulate his argument with care

synonyms: summarize, sum up, restate, repeat, reiterate, go over, review, recap

Front 42

indefinitely

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adverb

for an unlimited or unspecified period of time.talks cannot go on indefinitely

ExamplesHe worries that the community will be left without a hall indefinitely .

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are defined by their ability to self-renew indefinitely

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teratomas

teratocarcinomas

Back 43

teratomas (which are benign) and teratocarcinomas (which are malignant)

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bizarre

Back 44

adjective

very strange or unusual, especially so as to cause interest or amusement.her bizarre dresses and outrageous hairdos

synonyms: strange, peculiar, odd, funny, curious, outlandish, outré, abnormal, eccentric, unconventional, unusual, unorthodox, queer, extraordinary, weird, wacky, bizarro, oddball, way out, kooky, freaky, off the wall, offbeat

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stringent

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adjective
(of regulations, requirements, or conditions) strict, precise, and exacting.
California's air pollution guidelines are stringent

strict, firm, rigid, rigorous, severe, harsh, tough, tight, exacting, demanding, inflexible, hard and fast
rigorous, tight

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ostensibly

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adverb
apparently or purportedly, but perhaps not actually.portrayed as a blue-collar type, ostensibly a carpenter

synonyms: apparently, seemingly, on the face of it, to all intents and purposes, outwardly, superfici

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albeit

Back 47

conjunction
although.he was making progress, albeit rather slowly

Exampleshe was making progress, albeit rather slowly

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propensity

Back 48

noun

an inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.a propensity for violence

synonyms: tendency, inclination, predisposition, proneness, proclivity, readiness, liability, dispos

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cognate

Back 49

adjective

(of a word) having the same linguistic derivation as another; from the same original word or root (e.g., English is , German ist , Latin est , from Indo-European esti ).

English mother and German Mutter are cognate words.related; connected.cognate subjects such as physics and chemistry

synonyms: associated, related, connected, allied, linked, similar, like, alike, akin, kindred, comparable, parallel, corresponding, analogous

Front 50

priming

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make (something) ready for use or action, in particular.

prepare (someone) for a situation or task, typically by supplying them with relevant information.

the sentries had been primed to admit him without challenge

synonyms: brief, fill in, prepare, put in the picture, inform, advise, instruct, coach, drill, clue in, g

Front 51

juxtaposed

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verb
place or deal with close together for contrasting effect.black-and-white photos of slums were starkly juxtaposed with color images

synonyms: place side by side, set side by side, collocate, mix, compare, contrast

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bona fide

Back 52

adjective
genuine; real.
"only bona fide members of the company are allowed to use the logo"

synonyms:
authentic, genuine, real, true, actual, legal, legitimate, lawful, valid, proper, legit, the real McCoy


adverb
sincerely; without intention to deceive.
"the court will assume that they have acted bona fide"

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alluded

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verb
suggest or call attention to indirectly;
hint at.
"she had a way of alluding to Jean but never saying her name"

synonyms:
refer to, touch on, suggest, hint at, imply, mention (in passing), make an allusion to, advert to

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Blockade

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noun

an act or means of sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving.

"there was a blockade of humanitarian aid"

synonyms: siege, besiegement; barricade, barrier, roadblock, obstacle, obstruction

verb

seal off (a place) to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving.

"Over the weekend peace activists blockaded the road and entered the plant, which is near Reading."

synonyms: barricade, block off, shut off, seal, besiege, surround

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dispensable

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adjective

able to be replaced or done without; superfluous.

"tiny battlefield robots will be cheap and dispensable"

synonyms: expendable, disposable, replaceable, inessential,

Front 56

Decommissioned

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verb
withdraw (someone or something) from service, in particular.

"If a deal is reached, the IRA is expected to make the first move with plans to decommission its weapons and stand down its military organisation."

Front 57

H3K4me

Back 57

me1

me2

me3

ACTIVATION

Front 58

H3K27ac

Back 58

me1 ACTIVATION

me2 repression

me3 repression

Front 59

versatile

Back 59

ˈvərsətl

adjective
able to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities.

"a versatile sewing machine"


synonyms: adaptable, flexible, all-around, multifaceted, multitalented, resourceful, adjustable, multipurpose, all-purpose, handy, polytropicchangeable; inconstant.

Front 60

dismantlement

Back 60

انهدام

Front 61

Long non‑coding RNA sin pluripotency

Back 61

acting as molecular decoys

interfering with the transcription machinery,

providing scaffolds for transcription factors

and targeting epigenetic enzymes.

Front 62

tug of war

Back 62

noun: tug of war; plural noun: tugs of war

a contest in which two teams pull at opposite ends of a rope until one drags the other over a central line.

a situation in which two evenly matched people or factions are striving to keep or obtain the same thing.

"a tug of war between builders and environmentalists"

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gamut

Back 63

noun
the complete range or scope of something.
"the whole gamut of human emotion"

synonyms: range, spectrum, span, scope, sweep, compass, area, breadth, reach, extent, catalog, scale, variety

a complete scale of musical notes; the compass or range of a voice or instrument.
"The older corpus tended to treat E and B as notes of secondary importance, but later chants frequently contain passages that use all notes of the gamut equally freely; they also appear to emphasize interlocking chains of 3rds."

Front 64

‘pave the way’

Back 64

Make progress or development easier,

as in Her findings paved the way for developing a new vaccine

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Intriguing

Back 65

adjective

arousing one's curiosity or interest; fascinating.

"an intriguing story"

verb

arouse the curiosity or interest of; fascinate.

"I was intrigued by your question"

synonyms: interesting, fascinating, absorbing, compelling, gripping, riveting, captivating, engaging, enthralling, enchanting, attractive, appealing; interest, be of interest to, fascinate, arouse someone's curiosity, arouse someone's interest, pique someone's curiosity, pique someone's interest, attractmake secret plans to do something illicit or detrimental to someone.

"the delegates were intriguing for their own gains"

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instigate

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verb

bring about or initiate (an action or event).

"they instigated a reign of terror"

synonyms:

set in motion, get underway, get off the ground, start, commence, begin, initiate, launc

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dissect

Back 67

verb

methodically cut up (a body, part, or plant) in order to study its internal parts.

anatomize, analyze, break down

Front 68

circuits

Back 68

noun

a roughly circular line, route, or movement that starts and finishes at the same place.

"I ran a circuit of the village"

synonyms: lap, turn, round, circle

Front 69

bistability

Back 69

In a dynamical system, bistability means the system has two stable equilibrium states. Something that is bistable can be resting in either of two states. These rest states need not be symmetric with respect to stored energy.

Front 70

pronene

Back 70

synonyms: tendency, inclination, predisposition, proneness, proclivity, readiness, liability, dispos

Front 71

It is worth mentioning that

Back 71

لازم به ذکر است که

Front 72

contradictory

Back 72

adjective

mutually opposed or inconsistent.

"the two attitudes are contradictory"

synonyms: opposed, in opposition, opposite, antithetical, contrary, contrasting, conflicting, at variance, at odds, opposing, clashing, divergent, discrepant, different, inconsistent, incompatible, irreconcilable

noun

a contradictory proposition.

"He entitles this kind of opposition dialectical, and that of contradictories analytical."

Front 73

implicated

Back 73

دخیل

Front 74

devoid

Back 74

adjective

entirely lacking or free from.

Lisa kept her voice devoid of emotion

synonyms: free of, empty of, vacant of, bereft of, deprived of, destitute of, bankrupt of, lacking, without, wanting, minus

Front 75

Domed

Back 75

arched shape

گنبدی شکل

برآمده

برای شکل کلونی‌های ESc ها بکاربرده میشود

Front 76

precocious

Back 76

an earlier than usual.

synonyms: advanced for one's age, forward, mature, gifted, talented, clever, intelligent, quick, sm

Front 77

amenable

Back 77

قابلیت

Front 78

breakthrough

Back 78

a sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development.

a major breakthrough in DNA research

synonyms: advance, development, step forward, success, improvement, discovery, innovation,

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reminiscent

Back 79

tending to remind one of something.

the sights were reminiscent of my childhood

Front 80

stainless

Back 80

unmarked by or resistant to stains or discoloration.
ضدزنگ

Front 81

cost effectiveness

Back 81

هزینه بهره وری

Front 82

rather than

Back 82

۱- به جای

۲- نسبت به