פוטוגרפיה מצגת 7

Front 1

What are three ways to overcome heat in the x-ray tube?

Back 1

1. Spinning anode
2. הובלת החום בשפופרת
3. Angle of the anode

Front 2

What are the two types of heat control and what do they mean?

Back 2

מבנית:Components of the x-ray tube איכותית:heat unitsעקומת העמסהעקומת הקירור

איכותית:

heat units

עקומת העמסה

עקומת הקירור

Front 3

Characteristic radiation: the shot electron hits another electron in ____ of an atom of the ____ and ____.

Back 3

level K, anode, knocks it out of place

Front 4

When an empty place is created in _____ radiation, an electron from _____ moves to fill it. The energy lost in that movement is released as _____.

Back 4

characteristic, level L, x-ray

Front 5

When the anode is made of tungsten, how much energy does the shot electron need to have to produce characteristic radiation?

Back 5

70KV (to overcome bond of 69.5)

Front 6

____ or _____ _____ is a type of energy produced when shot electrons reach the atoms of the material in the anode and change direction as they approach the nucleus.

Back 6

Bremmstrahlung

קרינת בלימה

Front 7

X-rays produced from קרינת בלימה are ____, ____, and ____.

Back 7

רציף continuous

Heterogenic

Monochromatic

Front 8

Smaller angle of real מוקד=

Larger angle of real מוקד=

Back 8

Smaller angle of real מוקד=

Smaller מוקד מעשי and sharper image

Larger angle of real מוקד=

Larger מוקד מעשי and less sharp image

Front 9

What is the heel effect?

Back 9

When an anode's angle is 17° or less, the rays are stronger on the side of cathode. We can use this to our advantage by placing thicker organs on that side.

Front 10

The angle of the anode affects not only חדות but also ____?

Back 10

Contrast

Front 11

Why causes the heel effect?

Back 11

The sharp angle and the fact that the anode absorbs some of the electrons

Front 12

How can we recognize the anode and cathode sides?

Back 12

Anode (+) and has cable

Cathode (-)

Front 13

X-rays produced from characteristic radiation are ____ and ____.

Back 13

Homogenic and בדיד (in bursts?)

Front 14

X-rays, which are heterogenic and continuous, are mostly the result of ____.

Back 14

קרינת בלימה bremmstrahlung

Front 15

Over 70KV, what percentage of energy will be produced by characteristic radiation?

Back 15

15%

Front 16

Under 70KV, what percentage of energy will be produced by characteristic radiation?

Back 16

0%

Front 17

When the anode is made from molybdenum, ____ happens at only ___ or more, increasing the likelihood.

Back 17

Characteristic radiation, 20 kv

Front 18

True or false. Tungsten and molybdenum can both make קרינת בלימה.

Back 18

True

Front 19

The anode disc is attached to a ___, which makes it spin.

Back 19

Rotor

Front 20

The _____ surround the rotor and help power it to spin.

Back 20

Stators

Front 21

The stators are powered by ____, which helps us recognize the side of the _____.

Back 21

Electricity, anode (bc of the cord)

Front 22

The rotor is made from ____.

Back 22

נחושת

Front 23

The target of the anode is made from _____, which has an atomic number of 69.5.

Back 23

Tungsten

Front 24

Why does the anode spin?

Back 24

To ensure that the electrons hit a different area each time, to reduce heat, and to get more electrons bc using a longer filament

Front 25

What three ways can we reduce the heat in the x-ray tube (בקרת חום מבנית)?

Back 25

1. Spinning anode
2. Adding oil and ranium (oil absorbs and distributes heat, causes shutdown if overheats; ranium prevents aging of the anode)
3. Angling the anode

Front 26

What happens when the oil in the x-ray tube heats up too much?

Back 26

It expands and presses on a switch קונצרטינה that expands and opens the electric circuit and stops the flow of electricity

Front 27

What is the real מוקד?

Back 27

The angled part of the anode where the electrons actually hit (depends on length of filament

Front 28

What is the מוקד מעשי?

Back 28

The actual focus are of the beams (What hits the patient), a geometric calculation of the real מוקד

Front 29

We want the _____ to be as small as possible and the _____ to be as large as possible.

Back 29

מוקד המעשי

מוקד האמיתי

Front 30

Why do we want the מוקד מעשי to be as small as possible?

Back 30

improved חדות

Front 31

How does a bigger real מוקד contribute to controlling heat?

Back 31

Can stand more heat (last longer) and gives more electrons (sharper x-rays)

Front 32

How do mammograms maximize חדות?

Back 32

Using a very small מוקד מעשי (.3 mm)

Front 33

How does the angle of the מוקד אמיתי affect the מוקד מעשי?

Back 33

We can play with the angle of the מוקד האמיתי to be able to control heat and לעמיס more electrons on the anode without changing the size of the מוקד המעשי to preserve the חדות.

Front 34

What are the three בקרת חום איכותית?

Back 34

1. Heat units
2. עקומת העמסה
3. עקומת הקירור

Front 35

What is KVP?

Back 35

Kilo volt peak (heat)

Front 36

What is HU?

Back 36

Heat unit, the unit of energy that an anode can absorb

Front 37

HU is a factor of what?

Back 37

KVP × MA × SEC × Factor

Front 38

What is MA?

Back 38

Miliampere (זרם)

Front 39

What does factor refer to?

Back 39

Which generator we use

Front 40

What is עקומת העומס/tube rating chart?

Back 40

Shows the safe limits of הארה (heat on target field of anode); checks the limits of KV, MA, and S (exposure time) not to hurt tube

Front 41

What affects the עקומת עומס?

Back 41

דגמ"ח סוג ז + KVp

ד=קוטר הדיסק

ג=גודל מוקד

מ=מהירות סיבוב אנודה

ח=חומר האנודה

ז=זווית האהודה

KVP=strength of electrons

Front 42

What is a cooling chart?

Back 42

Shoes how long we have to wait for a machine to cool down and how long between patients, especially for fleuroscopy, angio and ct