げんき 文法

Front 1

X　は　Y　です。

Back 1

X is Y.

Front 2

～か。

Back 2

～？

Front 3

Noun①　の　Noun②

Back 3

possession, noun modifying

Front 4

A　は　X　です。
B　も　X　です。

Back 4

A is X. B is X too.

Front 5

X　は　Y 　じゃありません

Back 5

X is not Y.

Front 6

～ね／～よ

Back 6

...,right? / ...,I tell you!

Front 7

～ませんか

Back 7

extending an invitation; Shall we ______?

Front 8

X があります／います

Back 8

There is/are X

Front 9

A と B

Back 9

A and B

Front 10

Personと

Back 10

together with <person>

Front 11

も　（は、が、を）
も　（にも）

Back 11

too, also

Front 12

X　は　Y　が　好き／嫌いです。

Back 12

X likes/dislikes Y.

Front 13

~ましょう／～ましょうか

Back 13

Let's....

Front 14

～てください

Back 14

please ______ (command)

Front 15

～てもいいです

Back 15

You may ________.

Front 16

～てはいけません

Back 16

You may not ________.

Front 17

verb stem + に行く

destination of movement [に／へ] <purpose of movement> に [行く／来る／換える]

Back 17

purpose of movement

Front 18

～ないでください

Back 18

Please don't _________ .

Front 19

Verb　のが好きです。

Back 19

I like doing ______.

Front 20

何か

Back 20

something (positive statements)

Front 21

何か

Back 21

anything? (questions)

Front 22

何も + negative

Back 22

not _____ anything (negative statements

Front 23

まだ～ていません

Back 23

have not _____ yet.

Front 24

explanation から、situation.

Back 24

(situation), because (explanation)
(explanation), therefore (situation)

Front 25

どこ＿も

Back 25

not anywhere

Front 26

A　のほうが　B　より (property)

Back 26

A is more (property) than B.

Front 27

AとBと　どっちのほうが (property)

Back 27

Between A and B, which is more (property)?

Front 28

(class of items) の中で、　A が一番 (property).

Back 28

A is the most (property) among (class of items).

Front 29

adjective/noun + no

Back 29

____ one.

Front 30

verb present + つもりだ

Back 30

I intend to ______.

Front 31

～になる
～くなる

Back 31

to become _______.

Front 32

誰か＿
だれか

Back 32

someone

Front 33

誰＿も
だれ＿も

Back 33

not anyone

Front 34

どこか＿

Back 34

somewhere

Front 35

verb stem + たいです

Back 35

I want to ______.

Front 36

(activity A) たり (activity B) たりする。

Back 36

Do such things as A and B.

Front 37

verb (past, short) + ことがる

Back 37

have the experience of _______.

Front 38

A や B

Back 38

A and B, for example

Front 39

～んです
～なんです

Back 39

explanation statement

Front 40

～すぎる

Back 40

too _____

Front 41

～ほうがいいです。

Back 41

It's better for you to ______.
(affirmative = past; negative = present)

Front 42

(reason) ので (situation)。

Back 42

(situation), because (reason). [more formal]

Front 43

～なくちゃいけません

Back 43

I have to ________; I must _______.

Front 44

～でしょう。

Back 44

Probably ______ [prediction].