Diabetes Mellitus Type II There are two type of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is affects 29 million Americans, 86 million are living with pre-diabetes and it is the seventh leading cause of death (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). Diabetes type 2 has almost doubled in the past two decades and it is more common than type 1 diabetes. Type I diabetes patients do not produce insulin but type 2-diabetes produce insulin but not enough for the body’s needs. The topic that the author chose is diabetes mellitus type 2. This article will include pathophysiology, disease process, treatments, and follow up plan. Pathophysiology of diabetes type 2 is influenced by many factors like genetic and environmental factors
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Symptoms of type 2 diabetes are polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, pruritus, recurrent infections, visual changes, or symptoms of neuropathy. If diabetes is progressed without treatment symptoms can be related to coronary artery, peripheral artery, and cerebrovascular disease may develop. Risk factors for people to develop diabetes type 2 are as follows: older age, obesity, family history, history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose metabolism, physical inactivity, and race (Lopez, Bailey, Rupnow, & Annunziata, 2014). Age is a driver of the diabetes epidemic, with >25% of the US population aged above 65 years has diabetes (Lopez, Bailey, Rupnow, & Annunziata, 2014). According to McCance and Huether (2014), 10.5% of people aged between aged 45 to 64 years and 18.4% of those aged 65 to 74 years have type 2 diabetes. Age of onset for diabetes type 2 is usually after age 40 and risk increases with age, obesity, and lack of physical activity (Woo & Wynne, 2011). Complication of diabetes includes renal failure, loss of vision, myocardial infarction, stroke, and amputations (Stolerman & Florez, …show more content…
Goals of the treatment are to near normalize blood glucose, prevent complications, and appropriate patient-oriented self-management (Woo & Wynne, 2011). Treatment to prevent diabetes in pre-diabetic patient includes education and lifestyle modifications that can be referred to dietitian. Lifestyle changes included healthier diet, physical activity for150 minutes per week, and weight loss of 5-10% of body weight can benefit the patient tremendously. Also medication such as metformin can be used to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus for patients who meet pre-diabetic criteria (NGC, 2014). Yearly screening for the pre-diabetic patients to monitor for the development of diabetes is recommended (NGC, 2014). Effectiveness of lifestyle modification in pre-diabetic needs to follow-up and reassess the risk for developing diabetes. Lifestyle changes are an important way to prevent diabetes or maintain desired glucose level (NGC, 2014). According to NGC recommendation, goal of Alc should be Hagan, De Vito, & Boreham, 2013). To prescribe exercise to patient with type 2 diabetes, one needs to consider the practicality of the exercises in able for the patient to be compliant to physical activity. Physicians can alter the routine according to the patients needs and that it meets the physical activity
Symptoms of type 2 diabetes are polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, pruritus, recurrent infections, visual changes, or symptoms of neuropathy. If diabetes is progressed without treatment symptoms can be related to coronary artery, peripheral artery, and cerebrovascular disease may develop. Risk factors for people to develop diabetes type 2 are as follows: older age, obesity, family history, history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose metabolism, physical inactivity, and race (Lopez, Bailey, Rupnow, & Annunziata, 2014). Age is a driver of the diabetes epidemic, with >25% of the US population aged above 65 years has diabetes (Lopez, Bailey, Rupnow, & Annunziata, 2014). According to McCance and Huether (2014), 10.5% of people aged between aged 45 to 64 years and 18.4% of those aged 65 to 74 years have type 2 diabetes. Age of onset for diabetes type 2 is usually after age 40 and risk increases with age, obesity, and lack of physical activity (Woo & Wynne, 2011). Complication of diabetes includes renal failure, loss of vision, myocardial infarction, stroke, and amputations (Stolerman & Florez, …show more content…
Goals of the treatment are to near normalize blood glucose, prevent complications, and appropriate patient-oriented self-management (Woo & Wynne, 2011). Treatment to prevent diabetes in pre-diabetic patient includes education and lifestyle modifications that can be referred to dietitian. Lifestyle changes included healthier diet, physical activity for150 minutes per week, and weight loss of 5-10% of body weight can benefit the patient tremendously. Also medication such as metformin can be used to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus for patients who meet pre-diabetic criteria (NGC, 2014). Yearly screening for the pre-diabetic patients to monitor for the development of diabetes is recommended (NGC, 2014). Effectiveness of lifestyle modification in pre-diabetic needs to follow-up and reassess the risk for developing diabetes. Lifestyle changes are an important way to prevent diabetes or maintain desired glucose level (NGC, 2014). According to NGC recommendation, goal of Alc should be Hagan, De Vito, & Boreham, 2013). To prescribe exercise to patient with type 2 diabetes, one needs to consider the practicality of the exercises in able for the patient to be compliant to physical activity. Physicians can alter the routine according to the patients needs and that it meets the physical activity