Sea Battle Definition

The puzzle of the Sea Battle ultimately functions as a counterexample or exception to the principle of bivalence. The problem is as follows: suppose somebody states the following proposition, “There will be a Sea Battle tomorrow.” According to bivalence, this proposition must either be true or false. For, if it were to lack a truth-value, there is a logical gap, and if it’s both true and false, there lies a contradiction. By denying a truth-value to the proposition, one denies bivalence, but maintaining it has a truth-value is an assertion of fatalism. The problem with the proposition lies in the future contingent tense. When you consider a disjunction of the two alternatives “Either there will be a Sea Battle tomorrow or there will not be …show more content…
Epicureans are all for enjoyment, insofar as it doesn’t hit the point of excess. If the Epicurean is presented with a luxury, she ought to accept it for what it is, a luxury, rather than an entitlement. For Epicureans, luxury is neither the ultimate goal nor something we should avoid. Luxuries become corruptive when we hold incorrect beliefs about their value. When we feel entitled to luxuries, we are subject to distress when we are without them. Conversely, worrying about avoiding luxuries certainly isn’t a path to happiness either. Instead, Epicureans are all about moderation—accepting a modest life in a way such that a luxury remains what its intended to be; an indulgence and not a way of life (i.e …show more content…
They agree that physics explains how the world is set up. However, some of the actual mechanics of the world differ slightly. While the Epicureans believe the world is compromised of atoms and the void, the Stoics believe nature is comprised of “continuous” bodies made of atoms. That is to say, these bodies are infinitely divisible and there isn’t necessarily a smallest component part of matter, but matter is all there is. The Stoics are qualified materialists in that accept that some abstract things are necessary for materialist features to function. What we end up with is the Incorporeals—time, place, void, and the sayables. The Incorporeals are bodies that are “held together” by a logos which allows the material world to operate. It is a bit unclear what exactly the Stoics mean by a logos, but it is understood to be of a divine nature. Aside from these mechanical differences, both schools used their respective versions of materialism to attempt to move away from having to use abstract objects in their