Enzymes Essay

Register to read the introduction… Enzymes are organic catalysts made of proteins. They speed up reactions inside an organism. The molecule, which an enzyme catalyzes, is called a substrate. Enzymes can only act on the substrate that they were designed for. This is again because of protein shape. If the substrate molecule's shape matches the enzyme's active site, it undergoes the reaction specified. Enzymes can either break or put together substrates. They can even enhance the rate of reactions to over half-a-million molecules per second.

There are two types of proteins, fibrous and globular. The major fibrous proteins are collagen, keratin, fibrinogen, and muscle proteins. Collagen, which makes up the bones, skin, tendons, and cartilage, is the most abundant protein found in vertebrates.
Keratin, which makes up the outermost layer of skin and the hair, scales, hooves, nails, and feathers of animals, twists into a regularly repeating coil called an alpha helix.
Further more, fibrinogen is the blood plasma protein responsible for blood clotting.
Lastly, myosin is the protein chiefly responsible for muscle contraction, combines with actin, another muscle protein, forming actomyosin, the different filaments of which shorten, causing the contracting …show more content…
The DNA sequences carried in each cell in blueprint. They are the instructions that tell the cell how to be part of an animal, plant, fungus or bacterium. The majority of genes are instructions that tell cells how to make proteins.
Proteins are the active elements of cells. They aid and control the chemical reactions that make the cell work. They receive signals from outside the cell. They control the processes by which proteins are made from the instructions in the genes. They also give the cells their shape and as well as parts of the linkages that stick cells together into tissues and organs. So, the sequence of amino acids in all proteins is genetically determined by the sequence of nucleotides in cellular