Rathje's Garbology Project Anthropology

Great Essays
William Rathje began the Garbology project as an attempt to analyse the contemporary North American society and its consumption habits using the discard and rubbish of the material culture of the time. The anthropological project started in the 1970’s and was based in Tucson, Arizona and the long period that the study was carried out allowed it a possible element of continuity in its insights and conclusions. The Garbology Project used archaeological techniques to sort and quantify modern household refuse, in an attempt to explore contemporary consumer behaviour from the material residues that are left behind in trash cans and the landfill sites. The project was proposed by Rathje to give some insight on the anthropology of American food …show more content…
The potential usefulness of the landfill and garbage dump studies was seen by Rathje as being an unknown world, everything learned about it was new. This allowed Rathje to set a number of precedents and new insights with his study of human consumption behaviour with concern of garbage such as his three house hold waste syndromes which will be discussed later in the essay. His study into the North American consumerist society was to reflect everyday household refuse trends and look at possible ways to improve the discard patterns as it was thought that America was facing a “Garbage Crisis”. Peter Brown suggests, ‘The United States today is being buried in the remains of its own consumer products. We are in the throes of a garbage crisis, and informed policy decisions or solutions need to be found.’ The Garbology projects built an insight and outlined this garbage crisis that America was facing whilst scaling the mounds of landfill by simply assessing the amount of the consistent waste items. Rathje summarised the current "garbage crisis" as having concerns over the quantity and potential toxicity of refuse are embedded in landfills. However, Rathje does dismiss the idea of a serious and pressing crisis, rather suggesting that our garbage is not about to overwhelm us, thus …show more content…
Rathje, whilst cross examining the United States Department of Agriculture’s data found often that the large amount of junk food wrappers, liquor bottles and girlie magazines often flies in the face of what we tell ourselves, and what we tell others, about what we do. The project physically supplied contradictions and evidence which would otherwise be taken as reliable. Rathje and the Garbology project suggested and gave insight that there were three potential major behavioural trends in terms of household wastage and consumption. One of which he referred to as the “Lean Cuisine Syndrome”, which suggested that people may provide inaccurate consumption reports, he took especial interest in behaviour with negative connotations such as alcohol consumption. Rathje found that most people underreported their drinking by 40 to 60 percent. The Lean Cuisine Syndrome led Rathje to look in to a consequential theory he entitled as “The Surrogate Syndrome” stating, ‘if you want to know how much alcohol the residents in a household consume, do not ask the drinkers, you should rather ask the non-drinkers.’ The other and final insight in to household behavioural tendencies is seen in the

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    According to statistics Canada (2013), over one million households experience food insecurity. This is due to the high cost of a healthy diet and the difficulty some social groups have accessing healthy foods (Symbaluk & Bereska, 2016). People of lower socioeconomic status have a feeling of less control over their lives, which then reduces the motivation to engage in healthy behavior. For example, an individual may smoke giving false impressions of easing stress. Consumption of alcohol may also be used in attempt to escape from life’s stressors (Symbaluk & Bereska, 2016).…

    • 833 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    All Things Trash Trash is merely the refuse of a civilization. How one observes and analyzes trash varies greatly among those who associate their literary depictions with this discarded matter. Garbage can either be seen as grimy, discarded waste. It can also be recognized as such, only on a broader scale including how a piece of litter relates to its litterer.…

    • 735 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the words of Julie Craves, of the Coffee and Conservation blog, she states that “recycling is the enemy of the never-ending stream of garbage needed to feed waste to energy facilities” (Scheer and…

    • 1637 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “The way we eat has changed more in the last 50 years than in the previous 10,000” (Food, Inc). This really is true, because, before fast food and processed canned foods, people used to have to hunt for their food. Now, we have 24-hour fast food restaurants, and we have over 47,000 food products to chose from in our supermarkets. Since 1980, the percentage of obese children has gone from 5.8% to 17.5% (Obesity Rates 1). 38% of adults in our nation are considered obese, but 33% of the people who are obese didn’t graduate from high school (Obesity 3).…

    • 1262 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the video pollution solution number 2570, Bill Nye helps us try to understand pollution of the earth in the form of toxic wastes, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and noise. He states that the earth is an ecosystem and demonstrates how human beings, industries, and other facilities pollute the earth which is a closed ecosystem. He further states that most of pollution comes from human beings but not big factories and power plants that everyone thinks. This takes place in the form of small vehicle engines, the noise that people make and lawn mower. All these are referred to as non-point source pollution.…

    • 733 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Wendell Berry is an author who argues that because society is centralized the power of distributing food is given by the few. Because of this people have to buy food from stores, which are sold in appliances like plastic or aluminum foil, they wear out quickly and because of this, our “waste” keeps growing but we (the people) choose to ignore it. Using imagery, Berry was able to be really descriptive to the readers and is able to achieve his purpose. [First Paragraph] Berry lived beside a river called the Kentucky River, he describes the river as a lovely river and how it is called the “beautiful river” because of the name Oyo (in Iroquois) but the river is very polluted.…

    • 305 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In Al Katrina’s, “We’re Watching What We Eat,” he talks about how food portrayed on television tells us a lot about the shifting cultural attitudes. Katrina attacks the extreme levels television portrays healthy and unhealthy eating habits by mentioning shows like The Biggest Loser and Bulging Brides treating hunger as an almost sick shameful necessity. The author also talks about one’s opinion on Western culture or primetime programming may infer that hunger is matched only by one’s self-loathing; he uses Homer Simpsons severely eating disorder which leads to anything ranging from a heart attack to a spiritual journey. Finally, Katrina explains a few shows showing the satisfaction we can get out our food with the mobster drama The Sopranos who revelled in an endless consumption of ziti, cannoli, and capicola ham. Watching TV over the years has shown me a few ways of my own how television illustrates unhealthy eating habits with numerous amounts of fast food commercials, TV characters, and popular TV shows.…

    • 646 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    One major example that permits us to eat so unhealthy and irresponsibly are our busy schedules and lifestyles. Fast food gives us the convenience of having it anytime and anywhere. Fast food is also advertised everywhere including television, the radio, billboards and even our family and friends. Although fattening and unhealthy, fast food is quick and very affordable, which fits perfectly for the busy schedules and lifestyles of many individuals. In “Don’t Blame the Eater,” Zinczenko partially blames the fast food companies for our steady fast food consumption.…

    • 1043 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Trash, to many, holds worthless values that are not worthy of the time on the shelf, but the undiscovered beauty holds the magic that only a special eye can see. In “The Town Dump” by Howard Nemerov and “The Town Dump” by Wallace Stegner, the authors share the same ability to notice the beauty within wasted products. While in “On Dumpster Diving” by Lars Eighner captures the flaws within society from the materials they throw away. Although the author’s share similar interests in the topic of trash, they all use different forms of figurative language to display their points of view. Those who look at dumpsters as places that hold useless trash lack the understanding of how to discover beauty in everything.…

    • 606 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the text, Pollan compares our processed food and obesity issues with the national drinking splurge of the 19th century. All other differences aside, Pollan focuses on the cause: "American farmers were producing far too much corn.” Just like today, the only thing to do with all the extra and cheap corn was to process it. But the Alcoholic Republic has long since given way to the Republic of Fat. According to the Surgeon General, fat is actually a certified epidemic.…

    • 539 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Analysis of Eighner’s “On Dumpster Diving” “On Dumpster Diving” is an essay written by Lars Eighner, detailing the art and proper protocol of dumpster diving, or as Eighner prefers it to be called, scavenging. Eighner gathers the wisdom he has learned from living on the streets in this essay, writing in a straightforward and descriptive style. He touches on many different points: wastefulness, the everyday living conditions of the homeless, and the value of materialistic objects. Eighner strives to educate readers while destigmatizing dumpster diving as a whole.…

    • 1081 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    With the advancement of modern medicine following the second world war came an exponential increase in the world’s population. With this staggering growth came an accelerated use of resources, which are not being replaced. This has led to the rise of environmentalism, a movement based on using less, in an effort to better protect the earth. James Hamblin, a senior editor and journalist for the Atlantic, is a proponent of this movement. In his article, “Living Simply in a Dumpster,” Hamblin highlights the ideas and motives behind Jeff Wilson’s, a college dean and professor, choice to live in a dumpster.…

    • 706 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The movie “Unwasted: The Future of Business on Earth” is about a few people who speak about the amount of valuable items such as food, technology and many more objects that are put to waste. Many people do not understand that the things that we throw away can be use for something useful. 1. There were many interesting parts about this movie. It was interesting to see what a landfilled looked like.…

    • 1011 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    She argues that the poor, despite their limited economic resources, try to follow dominant American cultural practices, in order to express their membership in society, and food is seen as a tool to "eat oneself into the middle class". On he other hand, there are strong cultural beliefs that the poor "should eat differently because they are different. " She shows how the poor try to overcome deprivation by buying popular and heavily advertized junk food, which however damages them more than the affluent who are able to afford both junk food and nutritious food and thus balance its negative effects. Similarly, the poor families she has studied regard food and drink as important to social interaction, as others do.…

    • 2147 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    People may argue that fast food contributes to obesity but they cannot deny that they have every right to do exercises, eat nutritious food in order to stay healthy. Fast food establishments are not the only reason why people become overweight, they do not deserve all that hatred and criticism. Research has clearly pointed out that people are the main causes of the obesity epidemic as they are suffering from their own terrible decisions. Even though this essay is only limited to the U.S, it can partly show the effects of fast food on human, the impact people’s choices have on their declining health. It is undeniable that fast food has a negative effect on human health but it is not logical at all to blame a single factor for such a social problem.…

    • 1537 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays