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In these cases, they are seeking the immediate action of the listeners. In my opinion, most speakers would prefer immediate action from their listeners. It is well known that listeners tend to forget or become disinterested about a topic, when given the chance to forget about it. Lucas writes, “Within a day or two that same listener may forget entirely about your speech-and about her or his agreement to it” (Lucas, 2009, p.334). This is a challenge that speakers face. Listeners may be excited about a speech, but without taking action, their interest level tends to wane. For this reason, it is important for the speaker to ensure that action is taken on the part of the listeners. Lucas writes, “Action, however, reinforces belief” (Lucas, 2009, p. 334). Taking action is an excellent way for the listeners to stay committed to the
