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This rib is also suitable for a variety of loading conditions. Forged ribs are manufactured using heavy press-machinery, and are used for sections where very high loads apply. Milled ribs are solid structures, manufactured by milling away excess material from a solid block of metal, and are also used where very high loads apply. The stringers on the skin panels run in the length of the wing, and so usually need to bridge the ribs. There are several methods for dealing with this problem. The stringers and ribs can both be uninterrupted. The stringers now run over the rib, leaving a gape between rib and skin. Rib and skin are indirectly connected, resulting in a bad shear load transfer between rib and skin. The stringers can be interrupted at the rib. Interrupting the stringer in this way certainly weakens the structure, and therefore
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It gives it the aerodynamic shape, it carries a share of the loads, it helps to carry torsional loads, it acts as fuel tanks and allows inspection and maintenance. Using the skin to carry part of the loads is called stressed skin. Almost all aircraft have their wing structure made entirely in metal, or a mixture of metal and composite. The skin may be fixed to the internal structure by rivets or bonding. The volume between the spars is often used for storing fuel. An alternative to attaching stringers to the skin for stiffness is a machined skin, in which the skin, stringers and spar flanges can be machined from a single piece of alloy, called a billet. Advantages are that less riveting is required, resulting in a smoother surface, lighter and stronger structures are possible, construction faults are less likely, less maintenance is required and easy inspection is possible. However, the costs are relatively high, and replacing parts is difficult. In commercial aircrafts usually around 25% of the aircraft’s maximum operating weight is for fuel storage. Usually most or all of the fuel is stored in the wing, which is divided into several tanks, each one usually having its own pumps. This allows fuel to be moved between tanks in flight, which changes the trim of the aircraft to minimize drag. Flaps are fitted at the trailing edges. Light aircraft usually have simple flaps or none at all. Larger aircraft have the more
It gives it the aerodynamic shape, it carries a share of the loads, it helps to carry torsional loads, it acts as fuel tanks and allows inspection and maintenance. Using the skin to carry part of the loads is called stressed skin. Almost all aircraft have their wing structure made entirely in metal, or a mixture of metal and composite. The skin may be fixed to the internal structure by rivets or bonding. The volume between the spars is often used for storing fuel. An alternative to attaching stringers to the skin for stiffness is a machined skin, in which the skin, stringers and spar flanges can be machined from a single piece of alloy, called a billet. Advantages are that less riveting is required, resulting in a smoother surface, lighter and stronger structures are possible, construction faults are less likely, less maintenance is required and easy inspection is possible. However, the costs are relatively high, and replacing parts is difficult. In commercial aircrafts usually around 25% of the aircraft’s maximum operating weight is for fuel storage. Usually most or all of the fuel is stored in the wing, which is divided into several tanks, each one usually having its own pumps. This allows fuel to be moved between tanks in flight, which changes the trim of the aircraft to minimize drag. Flaps are fitted at the trailing edges. Light aircraft usually have simple flaps or none at all. Larger aircraft have the more