Short Term Memory

Improved Essays
Classical music to enhance short-term memory
Problem Statement:

In cognitive science, memory is one of the most researched topics, specifically short-term memory. The long-term memory storage depends on the short-term memory, ability to retain information. Short-term memory should not be underestimated since almost every process of cognition depends on it: reasoning, problem solving, and learning new concepts to name a few, (Marshuetz, 2005). As we see, memory is essential for studying. Memory is a dynamic process; cognitive psychologists have identified at least three memory common operations: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Additionally, at the moment, psychologists have recognized three types of stores: sensory, short term, and long term,
…show more content…
Interestingly, there are a small number of studies that indicates that music can help to improve people’s mood and emotions, and in turn improve memory processes, (Bigliassi, León-Domínguez, & Altimari, 2015; Garrido, 2014; Gebauer, Kringelbach, & Vuust, 2012; Riby, 2009; Samson, Dellacherie, & Platel, 2009). Seeking ways to improve short-term memory in older adults’ students, I wonder: can classical music be used to enhance middle-aged students’ short term memory? Potential improvements are to enhance the learning environment through the simultaneous activation of brain structures before engaging in studying, listening to classical joyful music. Therefore, it is proposed conducting of a series of research studies with the aim of exploring if classical music can enhance middle-aged students’ short term memory, specifically free-recall …show more content…
Recall is extremely important for learning and studying. Recall of tasks usually obtains deeper quantity of information processing than recognition tasks, (Sternbeg, 2009). Free-recall is the presentation of material to a person with the following task of remembering as much as possible about without any cues. The element of attention (focus on particular tasks, ignoring the rest) is essential in free-call, (Ford-Martin, 2001). In average, our STS capacity for a wide range of items appears to be approximately seven (plus or minus two) items. However, this can be limited to certain ailments and/or age. For decades, music has been greatly used as an educational method to enhance memorization of information on children, (Ford-Martin, 2001). To process music, the human brain follows a prearranged sequence. For this to take place, various brain structures activate simultaneously, (Bigliassi et al.,

Related Documents

  • Decent Essays

    Nt1310 Unit 1 Outline

    • 118 Words
    • 1 Pages

    Conclusion 1. Music is found in every form of life a. Music can be classified into various categories b. Music has it’s effect on memory…

    • 118 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Music has the power to transporting us back to a particular experience, memory, or era without that being its intended purpose. The documentary, Alive Inside, provided a look into how the brain’s reaction to music for nursing home residents with dementia provided an alternative therapy by allowing them to temporarily regain the memories and movement of their younger years. At the suggestion of Dan Cohen, social worker, nursing home volunteer and non-profit organizer of Music & Memory, the film’s director followed him for a day and what he discovered that day of the extent of influence that music had on these individuals, he decided to continue to follow Cohen for three years to document the phenomenal effects that this type of therapy. Through…

    • 792 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Long term memory is compared to a hard drive, and short term memory is more like a computers processing power. The definition of a scheme is “a set of ideas and beliefs about something that you have experienced.” Cognitive psychologists believe that long term memories are based on schemas. This suggests that similar memories are stored…

    • 748 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    MEMORY TRAINING 2 Running Head: MEMORY TRAINING 1 Memory Training in Older Adults Name PSY307 A02 Adulthood and Aging Argosy University Abstract This paper discusses normal memory loss due to aging as compared to memory loss due to dementia. It summarizes Cavallini, Pagnin, and Vecchi's 2003 study of improved memory function in older adults through mnemonics and strategic training. This paper then explores a design for a study to enhance memory through visual mnemonics and re-education of normal aging processes in older adults.…

    • 1458 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Long Term Memory

    • 388 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The Hebbian theory states that “neurons that fire together wire together.” This theory, credited to Canadian psychologist Donald Hebb, is underlying principle for how we learn as well as how we build and maintain new long-term memories. There are two types of long-term memory, explicit and implicit. Explicit memory is memory of facts and events. Explicit memory is formed by encoding.…

    • 388 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Auditory Memory

    • 1920 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Abstract Infantile amnesia is a topic that raises many questions. Early memories are scarce, usually beginning after the age of two. So why do we not remember anything as infants? Some say time is a factor, some say the brains ability to encode memories is not present due to the lack of verbal encoding, and others simply state that the memory system is not fully developed yet.…

    • 1920 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Short Term Memory

    • 201 Words
    • 1 Pages

    Who has a better short term memory boys or girls? This experiment's purpose was to answer that question that many people wonder. For many years there has been an on-going conflict between the sexes as to which one has an easier time at retaining information for a short period of time. In recent studies with short term memory, the scientist has been testing the amount of time it takes to forget little pieces of information or the difference between ages. In the experiment we used different ages/grade levels to test the who did better, boys or girls.…

    • 201 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Long-Term Memory

    • 93 Words
    • 1 Pages

    In 1968, Atkinson et Shiffrin asserted that short memory access information may show long-term memory which serves as the gateway. (Atkinson and Shiffrin, 1968).The function of short-term memory is to provide a means of controlling and enhancing, with rehearsal and coding strategies (such as chunking),the information that makes it into long-term memory (Edward E. Smith, Stephen M. Kosslyn, 2010, Cognitive Psychology, The McGraw-Hill Companies, (pp. 247) ).Growing with literature, scientists asserted that (Atkinn and Shiffrn, 1968; Baddlley and Hitch, 1974) there is another memory type except long and short term in human…

    • 93 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Long Term Memory

    • 456 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Long term memory is the system into which all information is placed to be kept more or less permanently. LTM is basically unlimited when it comes to storage capacity. The duration of long term memory is very long, as its name states. Everything that gets put into long term memory is still there, it’s just not always accessible. Everything that finds its way into long term memory is encoded there in meaningful form.…

    • 456 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The differences between long-term memory and short-term memory and their specific usage. In psychology, memory is the process in which information in encoded, stored and retrieved. The ability of being able to store information for retrieval later does seem to be a fascinating concept, it is no wonder that there have been varies studies on memories. From rudimentary methods such as Ebbinghaus’s (1886) pioneering experimental study on memory by memorizing thousands of nonsense syllables to Peterson & Peterson’s (1959) more sophisticated forms of experiments involving memorizing trigrams (three letter nonsense words) while counting backwards in threes. Experiments were all carried out for a single purpose, a deeper understanding in memory.…

    • 1891 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    My final point is how music changes your brain. 1. Music can enhance a child’s developing brain. According to writer for Fast Company Belle Cooper “The Surprising Science Behind What Music Does To Our Brains” it enhances sensory information such as hearing, touch, and sight. 2.…

    • 729 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    One of the greatest philosophers in history, Plato, suggested that music has the power to treat anxiety, and that is according to the research of Dawn Kent, from Harvard University entitled, The Effects of Music on the Human Body and Mind. “Physiologically, music has a distinct effect on many biological processes, it inhibits the occurrence of fatigue, as well as changes the pulse and respiration rates, external blood pressure levels, and psychogalvanic effect”, Kent stated. A theoretical study called the ‘Mozart Effect’ found that that the music actually decreased epilepsy in…

    • 803 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Brilliant Essays

    The hypothesis was that the genres of music have a significant effect on the memory retention of the participants. The result of the performed experiment was genres of music have considerable effect on the memory retention. Previews studies revealed the effect of music on retention of information in memory. For example, a Glasgow Caledonian University (2006) study monitored the brain activity of a group of volunteers who performed a simple memory test while listening to rock and classical music. The researchers found that classical music improved the memory in both classical music fans and rock fans, while rock music enhanced the memory of rock fans only.…

    • 1960 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Brilliant Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Memory as an Epiphenomenal Record Player Memory has two definitions, (1) the faculty and capacity for the mind to store and recall information, and (2) the mental content of that information which has been stored. Over the last century, psychologists, neuroscientist, and philosophers have attempted to explain this phenomenon in a variety of different ways. First, psychologists have reduced memory to simple behavioral states that result from exposure to an experience over the short or long term (Rudy 5). Second, Neuroscientists have attempted to reduce the phenomenon of memory to mechanistic material explanations to show that it is little more than the complex circuitry of the brain, and its relationship to external processes and stimuli.…

    • 1023 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Enhances Brain Development

    • 1317 Words
    • 6 Pages

    What is the value of music and movement activities to your learners? Discuss how each of the 10 values will develop the learners. 1. Enhances brain development: Music instruction proves to improve brain development in young children, primarily in the areas of the brain responsible for processing sound, language development, speech perception and reading skills. Activities like clapping and jumping to the beat of the music can stimulate brain function and help children to gather skills to organise their thoughts and behaviours.…

    • 1317 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays