Question 1 A-
The simple way to define aging is to describe it as the time units between birth and a date of observation. And it can be defined as the group of processes that occurs in living organisms over time and leads to loss of adaptability, functional impairment and ends by death.it is important to differentiate between aging and secular effects which are environmental effects that affects people who live within identified period of time.
Aging can be described as decline or regression in body ability to adapt to physical insults and environmental stressors. And that is because of the physiological changes associated with aging like decrease in muscle and bone mass, decreased vital capacity of lungs and decreased nerve conduction velocity. …show more content…
As it increases the muscle strength, improves the immune functions, increase bone density and prevent fractures.
Effect of exercise on life expectancy:
• When exercise is accompanied by adequate diet (a diet that has high protein content), it can increase the life expectancy.
• Exercising has the ability to reverse the following effects of aging that leads to increase in life expectancy. Aging effect Exercise effect
Maximum Heart rate (HR) Decrease Slow the decrease
Blood pressure Increase Decrease
Blood vessels stiffness(sclerosis) Increase Decrease
Muscle mass and strength Decrease Increase
Bone mass Decrease Increase
Nerve conduction velocity Decrease Increase
References: Physical Dimensions of Aging, 2nd edition. By Waneen W. Spirduso, Karen L. Francis, and Priscilla G. MacRae. (2005) chapter 1.
Question 2-
A- Factors contribute to individual differences among older adult:
• Disease.
• Compensatory behavior of older adults.
• Variation in lifestyle. …show more content…
Victor chapter1 page 8. https://books.google.com/books?id=Ry6jQgn6QmYC&pg=PA317&dq=chronological+age+limitations&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBWoVChMI0JTZjsPgyAIVQhw-Ch0EUwqV#v=onepage&q=chronological%20age%20limitations&f=false
2-chronological age does not necessarily correspond to mental age.so it cannot be used to describe mental or psychological behavior. For example a 7 years old child who obtain the same number of points as an 11 years old child on an IQ test is said to have a mental age of 11.
Reference: Encyclopedia of School Psychology by Steven W. Lee page 317. https://books.google.com/books?id=Ry6jQgn6QmYC&pg=PA317&dq=chronological+age+limitations&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBWoVChMI0JTZjsPgyAIVQhw-Ch0EUwqV#v=onepage&q=chronological%20age%20limitations&f=false
3- Chronological age does not necessarily correspond to biological age. As a result it does not give accurate feedback or reflect the participants’ level of activity or health condition. For example a 70 years old male might have the same vo2max as an 50 years old male and then he can be classified as at lower risk to develop cardiopulmonary diseases and physically
The simple way to define aging is to describe it as the time units between birth and a date of observation. And it can be defined as the group of processes that occurs in living organisms over time and leads to loss of adaptability, functional impairment and ends by death.it is important to differentiate between aging and secular effects which are environmental effects that affects people who live within identified period of time.
Aging can be described as decline or regression in body ability to adapt to physical insults and environmental stressors. And that is because of the physiological changes associated with aging like decrease in muscle and bone mass, decreased vital capacity of lungs and decreased nerve conduction velocity. …show more content…
As it increases the muscle strength, improves the immune functions, increase bone density and prevent fractures.
Effect of exercise on life expectancy:
• When exercise is accompanied by adequate diet (a diet that has high protein content), it can increase the life expectancy.
• Exercising has the ability to reverse the following effects of aging that leads to increase in life expectancy. Aging effect Exercise effect
Maximum Heart rate (HR) Decrease Slow the decrease
Blood pressure Increase Decrease
Blood vessels stiffness(sclerosis) Increase Decrease
Muscle mass and strength Decrease Increase
Bone mass Decrease Increase
Nerve conduction velocity Decrease Increase
References: Physical Dimensions of Aging, 2nd edition. By Waneen W. Spirduso, Karen L. Francis, and Priscilla G. MacRae. (2005) chapter 1.
Question 2-
A- Factors contribute to individual differences among older adult:
• Disease.
• Compensatory behavior of older adults.
• Variation in lifestyle. …show more content…
Victor chapter1 page 8. https://books.google.com/books?id=Ry6jQgn6QmYC&pg=PA317&dq=chronological+age+limitations&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBWoVChMI0JTZjsPgyAIVQhw-Ch0EUwqV#v=onepage&q=chronological%20age%20limitations&f=false
2-chronological age does not necessarily correspond to mental age.so it cannot be used to describe mental or psychological behavior. For example a 7 years old child who obtain the same number of points as an 11 years old child on an IQ test is said to have a mental age of 11.
Reference: Encyclopedia of School Psychology by Steven W. Lee page 317. https://books.google.com/books?id=Ry6jQgn6QmYC&pg=PA317&dq=chronological+age+limitations&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBWoVChMI0JTZjsPgyAIVQhw-Ch0EUwqV#v=onepage&q=chronological%20age%20limitations&f=false
3- Chronological age does not necessarily correspond to biological age. As a result it does not give accurate feedback or reflect the participants’ level of activity or health condition. For example a 70 years old male might have the same vo2max as an 50 years old male and then he can be classified as at lower risk to develop cardiopulmonary diseases and physically