1.2: Different observation methods Running records (or Descriptive Narrative Record)- A detailed account of behavior recorded in a persistent manner as it happens; Not restricted to a specific incident like it would in an anecdotal record; The observer records everything seen or maybe even heard. Anecdotal records A brief narrative account describing an incident of a child's behavior that is of interest to the observer. Anecdotes describe what happened how it happened when where what was said and done…
As a bio-psycho-socio-cultural-spiritual being, a generally describe myself in many different aspects in which others may be opposed to believe. Bio-psycho-socio-cultural-spiritual is broken down into five theories: biological, psychological, sociological, cultural, and spiritual. With these theories in mind, being a 21 year old black African American woman growing up in slums of Milwaukee, was not one of the easiest milestone to get though. Everywhere I turn other look down upon me as if I was some type of hopeless mistake. The majority of the people I encounter though my life experience instantly stereotyped me as a ghetto black girl from the hood, living off of welfare, in search of being the next big thing, so I can find a rich man to be…
Day by day, everyone tries to get through life in one peace. People strive to become a certain image they would like to project into the world, to be known as someone, to be remembered and to be loved. Often we start seeing and shaping ourselves by the feedbacks we get at a young age either from school, the media or our friends. And as we age, we start to get a better understanding of our purpose and image. Erikson believed that a lot of our early half of life is just preparation for the latter half of our lives.…
Erikson believed that childhood experience could cause future problems, but he also believed that early experiences could be countered by future experiences making a child more successful in life challenges (Jeffrey S.Nevid).…
Biopsychosocial Analysis of Case Example This particular case study is about a 23 year old Caucasian American. She is working on her bachelor degree at Appalachian State. This case study will focus on Erikson’s Psychological Theory on how biological, psychological, family, and environmental foundations have shaped the case examples life. I will use Erikson’s theory of development and apply it to the case study’s life explaining factors that have impacted his life.…
In the case of Neddy's mother, should apply to her child positive reinforcement is commonly understood as giving the child something he or she likes when the child does something well. From my perspective, when the child works on, which I think is good, get a lot of good things for him: self-confidence, because its advance only owes itself develops skills: creativity, autonomy, have control of their work, working on what he likes, what he wants, growing interest, motivation, work provides quality relationships with those around you, without manipulation, without competition.…
The psychosocial approach to child development was brought forth my Erik Erikson. The theory is composed of eight developmental stages throughout life. The stages that relate to infancy are the trust vs. Mistrust stage for birth to 18 months and the autonomy vs. Shame stage for 18 months to three years. Erikson believed that the ego developed as it successfully resolved crisis of a social nature (McLeod, 2015). According to Sokol (2009), “in a developmental sense to connote not a threat of catastrophe, but a turning point, a crucial period of increased vulnerability and heightened potential” (p.140).…
Positive reinforcement is a process used in motivation during leadership to ensure that a positive activity or character trait gets a high propensity for repeat and grows into a habit. It is a factor of operant conditioning and considered an opposite to negative reinforcement. Under positive reinforcement, a leader rewards and/or applauds what the leader considers as a favorable outcome in order to encourage followers to develop the habit of achieving that favorable outcome. This is as opposed to negative reinforcement where the leader looks for and punishes unfavorable outcomes to discourage them (Anitha, 2014).…
Punishment verses Rewards The use of positive reinforcement has a much better outcome than if punishment were to be used, This was the idea of B.F. Skinner, a well-known psychologist from the 1970’s who enlightened the world with his behavioral techniques. Skinner believed that the use of positive reinforcement helped to shape a beings behavior verses punishment. He proved his theory when he trained his rats to push a lever by frequent and scheduled rewards and birds to peck plates using his positive reinforcement ideas. He wanted to take his knowledge of positive reinforcement and apply it to mankind and to improve mankind’s behavior and learning technique.…
Something that made me angry in the past month was in regards to a trip that I was supposed to go on with my friend and her mom this Summer. We had to go to a travel agency in order to coordinate the trip and be able to put a down payment to secure our place. However, they would vacillate in the days we would be going to the travel agency and would always cancel. They would say we would go the next day, the day would come and the same thing would happen. I do not become angry often, but this became extremely frustrating because I change my plans during February break in order to accommodate the time to go with them to the travel agency.…
Both positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement increase the likelihood that a response be repeated. Punishment decreases the likelihood that the response will occur again. However, if punishment is done at an early stage; the addiction might not develop further. But, if addiction is already firmly in place, it will be difficult to makes changes to stop the addiction of that person, cause unhealthy cognitive and emotional patterns has already being embedded in the brain.…
Positive reinforcement used with children of disorders Reinforcement is used by a child 's elders to show the child the desired behavior. Positive reinforcement is a way to reward the child for proper behavior, while still teaching them how to act. Positive reinforcement avoids using punishment, yelling, degradation (Boyd & Bee, 2009). Reinforcement has been around for years and has been used around the world by generations of parents.…
Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development Developmental psychology is an area of research dedicated to the understanding of child-development. Throughout history many theories have been formulated to attempt to explain this process. Two of the most important theorists were Sigmund…
Erikson’s stages go all the way through life, rather than just childhood. With each stage comes new challenges that help each individual develop and learn from their experiences. Erikson focuses on finding one’s self and building relationships with others. “Instead of focusing on cognitive development, however, he was interested in how children socialize and how this affects their sense of self. According to the theory, successful completion of each stage results in a healthy personality and successful interactions with others (Chapter 3).”…
My reflection will be based on Erik Erikson 's theory on Psychosocial Stages. Erikson 's 8 stages of psychosocial. His theories are based on age and your maturity. All the stages describe the growth of your child becoming more dependent and exploring more. Erikson describes the develop stages and how it is different from Freud 's theory on personality.…