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According to Saunders, secondary data is comprised of documentary (written and non written materials), multiple sources (area based and time-series based), and survey (censuses, continuous and regular surveys, ad hoc surveys). There are several advantages in using secondary data. Firstly, there are fewer resource requirements, as it is both cost and time effective (Ghauri and Grønhaug 2005). Additionally, it is unobtrusive because of the limited time available to conduct the research. In some cases, using secondary data is the only alternative for research. Moreover, such data is able to provide comparative and contextual data that can result in unforeseen discoveries (Dale et al., 1988). Secondary data offers data that is permanent and readily available which can be easily accessed (Denscombe 2007). On the other hand, there are some drawbacks in relying on secondary data. Such include that secondary data may be collected for a purpose that does not serve the main interest of the researcher. In some cases, access to such data is difficult and costly. Ways to mitigate this is through the wide access to electronic journals and databases that are offered by educational institutions which facilitate students’ researches. Aggregations and definitions of using secondary data are also pertinent. For example, using such information may be interpretations of those who initially produced them, which may hinder projecting an objective balance and will affect how such data is presented. However, secondary data does not allow any flexibility, as the researcher has no control over the published
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The researcher will create a list of suggested questions, related to the effectiveness of the PEI, however they may vary based on interview. This means that you may omit some questions in particular interviews, given a specific organisational context that is encountered in relation to the research topic. The order of questions may also be varied depending on the flow of the conversation. On the other hand, additional questions may be required to explore your research question and objectives given the nature of events within particular organizations. It is said that, “an interview is a purposeful discussion between two or more people” (Kahn and Cannell,
The researcher will create a list of suggested questions, related to the effectiveness of the PEI, however they may vary based on interview. This means that you may omit some questions in particular interviews, given a specific organisational context that is encountered in relation to the research topic. The order of questions may also be varied depending on the flow of the conversation. On the other hand, additional questions may be required to explore your research question and objectives given the nature of events within particular organizations. It is said that, “an interview is a purposeful discussion between two or more people” (Kahn and Cannell,