Rationality, And The Insanity Defense: A Literature Review

Improved Essays
Responsibility Assessment Scales (R-CRAS) there are too many variations among the states for them to be used universally (Costanzo & Krauss, 2015, p.192). Therefore, mental health professionals must attempt to evaluate past thinking and behaviors, as the defendant’s state of mind at the time of the assessment may be different than at the time of the crime. For example, in Miller’s case, her trial didn’t begin until eight months after she murdered her husband and had been undergoing treatment including medication. However, it is reasonable that due to her recent hospitalization and mental illness diagnosis a mental health professional may determine that Miller was insane at the time of the crime (Costanzo & Krauss, 2015, p. 191) but further evaluation of the details would need to occur before a determination could be relayed to the court.
An article entitled, Rationality, Insanity, and the Insanity Defense: Reflections on the Limits of Reason written by Theodore Y.
…show more content…
The two cases explored by Blumoff (2015) within this article are of particular interest because they directly correlate with the need for the availability of an insanity defense. One case, previously mentioned, is the M’Naghten case in which the insanity defense is built upon. The other, State v. Andrea Yates, is a relatively recent case where in June of 2001 a devout Christian woman drowned her five children in the family bathtub, seeking redemption for them as she had become convinced that she was possessed by Satan (Blumoff, 2015, p. 180). Miller, too, was a devout Christian who murdered her own husband because she believed he was “working for the devil”. Yates, like Miller,

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    To the contrary, the legal definition shows that it is a very serious mental illness and cannot just be thrown around. This change in definition helps the reader to better understand the verdicts and helps them to see the legal system in a logical way. In this particular case, the lawyers that Dr. Lunde was testifying against were trying to use the insanity plea in order to protect their client when in reality it was just hurting them and making them appear desperate. Dr. Lunde’s words on the topic unveil some of the cheats used in the legal…

    • 712 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    A loved one, killed. This is many people’s worst nightmare. The loved ones of the mentally ill are in constant worry of this, knowing that the person they love could suffer from a sudden psychotic breakdown and put their lives at risk without realizing it. The fact that the mentally ill cannot control themselves and may engage in criminal activity as a result has led a struggle for police departments as people who are unaware of their actions - essentially innocent people - are killed. Through an effective argument that utilizes multiple appeals, Pete Earley suggests the necessity of special police forces to handle mentally ill suspects.…

    • 1080 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    This Court will have to allow this defense because in Arizona 's limited insanity defense in Clark v. Arizona, and denied certiorari in Delling v. Idaho, a case alleging that Idaho 's replacement of the insanity defense with a "Guilty but mentally ill" verdict constitutes a due process violation. Because of the weighty implications of the decision to plead insanity, the defendant must be the one to decide whether to use the insanity…

    • 1544 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Later Dahmer’s apartment was searched and there human remains and explicit pictures were found. Jeffrey, knowing he couldn’t get himself out of this, confessed to the murders of 17 innocent boys/men. The judges were simply stunned to hear what this well-mannered man had done, while the family members of those who were killed stood there in hysteric. Jeffree pleaded guilty to the judge, but also pleaded mentally insane to try to reduce his sentence. However, the judge was well and aware that there was no mental illness that had taken part.…

    • 1020 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    I, Judge Awotwi, presided over the mock trial State Prosecution vs. Macbeth, and it is my duty to uphold the rule of law and instruct true justice upon this issue. The defendant entered a plea of insanity due to delusional compulsion before this court on October 24, 2017, after committing beyond a doubt one count of murder and two counts of felony murder. The question is not whether Macbeth committed these crimes, or if he is judged to be found guilty; it is to judge if the defendant “did not have [the] mental capacity to distinguish between right and wrong”, and that is the responsibility of the court (16-3-2). Due to the facts presented in court I have come to a verdict. The defense’s unique argument and main points overwhelmed the predominant…

    • 928 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The courts held in favor of Arizona stating that insanity standards are open to state choice (2004). Clark vs. Arizona relevance - It is important that the evaluating mental health professional to be aware of state standards for the insanity defense. The statues vary by state. The role of the mental health professional is to prove the mental illness of the defendant at the time of the criminal act to assist in the Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity plea.…

    • 1053 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Sociopathy Vs Psychopathy

    • 1481 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The problem associated with this is that fact that because of this the standards to claim insanity were easier to do with the DSM than by the PCL-R. The DSM is what is more commonly used in Frye Jurisdictions. This evidence shows the unequal advantage of how the simplicity of what jurisdiction and individual is in can show significant impact on…

    • 1481 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    For an individual to be blameworthy and criminally responsible for their actions, the accused person must have committed the actus reus and the mens rea. In the case of the accused pleading Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD), the court focuses on whether the accused had the mens rea while committing the alleged offence (Verdun-Jones, 2015). If the accused person did not know what he or she was doing was wrong, or did not appreciate the conduct or omission, the accused will not be found criminally responsible (Verdun-Jones, 2015). Overall, if the accused is found NCRMD, he or she will most likely be apprehended in the hospital, or supervised in the community to keep the citizens safe from a possible reoccurring…

    • 1691 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    What is the history behind the not guilty by reason of insanity verdict in England and Wales, and what does it mean for an offender to be given it? The not guilty by reason of insanity verdict is a well established and much discussed verdict in England and Wales. It has been around for over 150 years, although not used a huge amount. It is actually rarely successful.…

    • 1250 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham were the founders of the classical theory phenomenon (Piliavin, 1986). The concept was based on several principles, which entailed three main ideologies; free will, where actions are based on one’s own rationality (Burke 2014), more so punishment should apply to the crime as opposed to the criminal, as the theorists believed that a certainty in punishment would deter both the public and criminal (Akers 1999). The perspective adopted throughout will focus on the theories inability to justify the actions of violent homicide offenders, such as Jeffrey Dahmer, and how the high recidivism rates fail to support specific deterrence, even when making the punishment fit the crime. Free will assumes that all individuals…

    • 1622 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The insanity plea is a defense in the court of law put in place for people who suffer from mental illness and commit crimes. Under this defense, the mentally ill are not entirely held responsible for their actions given the terms that they were not in the correct state of mind when the crime took place. The person would admit to committing the crime, but then say they are not guilty by reason of insanity (Francone). This plea has been used in my cases throughout history.…

    • 1321 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Insanity Defense History

    • 959 Words
    • 4 Pages

    For centuries, criminals have been categorized as insane, but does that justify their crime? The majority of higher profile criminals file for the insanity plea which then affects their punishment and life, causing us to consider if ours is safe. The insanity defense should not be admissible in court because of the interest for the public, increases in legal costs, and manipulation of the legal system. The insanity defense’s history plays into our everyday legal actions and in order to understand the problem, you need to understand the defense.…

    • 959 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “Not Guilty by reason of insanity” This could be used in a plea in a court of a person charged with a crime who admits the act, but whose attorney says that they were too mentally ill at the time to determine whether it was right or wrong. In the short story, “The Tell Tale Heart” by Edgar Allan Poe it describes a crazy man who kills another man. The story takes place in an old house in the old man’s bedroom. The main character explains to the reader about his obsession of the old man. His obsession is concerning the old man’s “vulture looking” eye.…

    • 804 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The Case Of Andrea Yates

    • 1780 Words
    • 8 Pages

    The case of Andrea Yates is one of the most infamous cases in the last decade and the reason for that is because Andrea’s mental state leading up to the murders. Andrea Yates in 2001 drowned all five of her children in a bathtub in her Huston, Texas home. However, was she responsible for her actions? Andrea suffered from several mental illnesses including postpartum depression. She was constantly in and out of mental health institutions and was given medication to deal with her depression.…

    • 1780 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    How do you feel about a defense that is made basically to allow a criminal justification over a crime they committed? Well thats the insanity defense for you. It has been around for over two-hundred years and since then it has had several reforms brought to it. It was brought around to help the mentally ill, allowing them to plead not guilty to a crime because they lacked the mental capacity to understand right from wrong or appreciate why what they did was wrong. Basically it states they aren’t criminally responsible for their actions; therefore they are sent to mental facilities to help treat their mental illness and not given prison or jail time.…

    • 1893 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays