Projective Technique Is Coined By Lawrence Frank

Improved Essays
Projective technique is a term coined by Lawrence Frank in 1939. A projective test is a test aimed to understand the personality of individuals and involves individuals to respond to ambiguous and ill-defined stimuli, which helps to gauge the person’s internal conflicts and hidden emotions. Projective tests developed out of the work in psychoanalytic psychology, which espouses that humans, along with conscious elements, have unconscious attitudes and motivations that are hidden from conscious awareness, as they are presumed to be too dangerous to be revealed, and are not in-sync with the societal values. Projective techniques thus are tools or approaches used for research purposes that are aimed to understand thoughts, feelings, or needs that …show more content…
Types of Projective Techniques and other methods
4.1 Association Techniques
Various projective techniques have been devised to detect less obvious motives, conflicts, problems and other covert intrapersonal characteristics. Of these, the word association and inkblot techniques use stimuli like words and inkblots for the purpose of tapping the unconscious: motives, feelings, emotions.
4.1.1 Word Associations
Francis Galton (1879) introduced the method of word association which was first applied clinically by Carl Jung (1910) to detect neurotic conflicts. In this method, a series of words is read aloud to a person who is required to give response to each word with the word that is a prompt response, and not a result of prolonged thought process (as if on a cue). Clinical applications of this method involve mixing selected emotionally loaded word or words of special significance to the person within a set of neutral words. In addition to significant associations and delays in responding, the degree to which certain words are emotionally arousing, maybe determined by measuring skin conductance, muscle tension, respiration rate, blood pressure, pulse rate, voice tremor, or other physiological reactions to the stimulus

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    During this essay ‘falsifiable’ , ‘verifiable’ and ‘theoretical approach’ has be defined in relation to psychology, with examples of theoretical approaches such as behaviourist perspective, along with a range of psychological methods of investigations such as experimental, observational, correlational, clinical and survey…

    • 785 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Psychology researchers used variety of methods to produce valid and reliable studies about human behaviour. Deriving from the second, sixth and seventh chapters of Investigating Psychology, this essay will discuss about the different approaches to studying the effect of obedience on people behaviour, children social actions and friendships, and how neuropsychology studied the way the brain work and control the cognitive process of language, using the technologically advanced methods or not using them. An important approach is the classic experiment, which was used to explore many psychological fields by studying the effect of manipulating some variables on another. One example is the obedience study by Stanley Milgram, (Banyard, 2012, page…

    • 1448 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Whole Self Analysis

    • 886 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Assessment of The Whole Self The provision of evaluation entails the collection of data to identify, examine, assess, and address the problems, issues, and situations of clients in the counseling relationship. Assessments likewise help in determining what questions to ask and how the resulting information will be utilized in arriving at a diagnosis (Jones, 2010). Whether a clinician practices in a school, private practice, or other health care settings, assessment play an integral role (Hutchinson, 2015). Assessing The Whole Person The practice of counseling is associated with assessment and diagnosis and is indispensable for designing treatment.…

    • 886 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    There are many personality theories that exist and most of the major ones fall into the four major personality perspective theories. Each of these perspectives attempt to describe different patterns in personality. The four major theories are the Psychoanalytic Perspective, Trait Perspective, Humanistic Perspective, and Social Cognitive Perspective.…

    • 834 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    A. Exploring the Unconscious i. Freud used free association, in which he told the patient to relax and say whatever came to mind. ii. Called his treatment techniques psychoanalysis iii. Beneath our awareness is the larger unconscious mind with its thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. 1.…

    • 627 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    In 1971, Philip Zimbardo made a huge impact on the field of Psychology. He changed the world of social psychology by taking it from a field focused on behavior being dispositional and transitioned it into a focus on social psychology in the terms of viewing behavior as situational. Gordon Allport, Fritz Heider, Harold Kelley and Bernard Weiner all helped set the stage for personality psychology and social psychology. Each of these individuals touched on the idea of behavior being dispositional until Solomon Asch, Stanley Milgram and Philip Zimbardo introduced the idea that situations influence our actions. Dispositional behavior means that behavior is presented by an internal factor within us (e.g. the environment or culture we grow up in).…

    • 2169 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Method Design This experiment was a 3 x 2 mixed factorial design. The first independent variable had 3 levels representing participant training (psychiatry, psychology and no training) x the second independent variable, which had two levels representing conceptualization of depression (biological conceptualization and psychological conceptualization). The dependent variable of the study was participants’ rated likelihood of recovery from depression for affected individuals (described in vignettes), represented by scores on a measurement scale constructed specifically for this experiment.…

    • 666 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat and Other Clinical Tales is a book describing the case histories of some patients of the author, Dr. Oliver Sacks. The book was first published by Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd in 1985. The electronic edition was published in 2010 by Picador, an imprint of Pan Macmillan. The author, Dr. Oliver Sacks, is a British-American physician and a professor of neurology and psychiatry at the NYU School of Medicine and a visiting professor at the University of Warwick. He is also a bestselling author and has twelve books.…

    • 1351 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Psychodynamic Psychotherapy and Gestalt Therapy: Similarities As Yontef and Jacobs (2011) note, initially, it was fairly simple to compare Gestalt to other systems of therapy, largely due to the fact that Gestalt could clearly distinguish itself as the system that upheld existential and humanistic characteristics. Over time, however, the distinction between the fields has become more and more narrow. Following are the similarities between Gestalt boundary differences and psychodynamic defence mechanisms: Both theoretical approaches mention projection as a defence mechanism or boundary difference that they seek to address. The psychodynamic approach describes projection as “unacceptable impulses or feelings of his own to another person (or agency)”…

    • 1138 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Key perspectives: The Psychodynamic approach. By Fred Brent Psychology has been defined as the study of the human mind, behaviour and nature. Though it has only relatively recently been recognised as a science, when Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in 1879, its essence can be dated as far back as 387BC, when Plato first theorised that the brain is a mechanism of mental process (Heffner, accessed 2015). The psychodynamic approach (the treatment is known as psychoanalysis), which is just one of many forms of psychology, is the study that different psychological feelings and thoughts can affect how an individual behaves and the emotional and mental state of a person’s mind.…

    • 1012 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In psychology, we come to discover that there are four major theories for personality: psychodynamic, trait/ five factor model, humanistic, and social-cognitive. In Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory, Psychic Determination is when we have no control over our actions because our unconscious mind chooses for us. Symbolic Meaning is when every single action we make has a meaning. Unconscious Motivation is when we rarely understand the reasons behind our behavior, and come up with reasons to explain our behavior.…

    • 741 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The psychoanalytic theory of the mind has widely influence today’s culture. Often people would reference to Freud’s theory about the subconscious and its impact on the personality through different forms of defense, such as denial, repression or projection. The concept that radiates through culture is the assumption that things do not happen by chance, but is connect to another thought, past experience, or environmental aspect. There is a combination of nature and nurture within the intrapsychic domain. While psychoanalytic theory is not practiced as often, the core assumption of the conscious and unconscious is still prevalent in counseling.…

    • 719 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    the purpose of this presentation is to investigate the personality of Hannibal Leter in terms of the traits, humanistic and psychodynamic conception of personality Gordon Allport claimed that each person exhibits unique qualities: with five main traits that each individual can possesses varying in extents: Extroversion, Agreeableness, Contentiousness, Neuroticism and Openness, with rank high or low to describe a person’s personality Extroversion present high in Hannibal Lecter. Before he was recognized as a serial killer, Lecter portrayed himself to most as a charismatic intellectual, hosting dinner parties and dominating conversations in the movie Red Dragon. He preformed his duties as a psychiatrist admirably and assisting many of his patients.…

    • 1075 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Introduction This essay will compare and contrast two theorists who were considered to be the founding fathers of their area of psychology . Sigmund Freud who was the founder of psychoanalysis and Carl Rogers who founded the humanistic approach. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was a physician who specialized in neurology and eventually devoted his life to the treatment of mental disorders using a procedure he developed called psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis states that all behaviour is driven from the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences, this approach brings up emotions from the hidden mind for analysis. (Carl Rogers (1902-1987) was a Humanistic psychologist.…

    • 1507 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    There has been an ongoing debate among academics questioning whether psychoanalysis is a science or pseudoscience. This essay examines psychoanalysis as a science because it influences psychology literature. Secondly, the essay discusses objectives that illustrate that psychoanalysis is a science such as (1) therapeutic efficacy (psychotherapy), (2) observations which are used mostly in case studies and (3) interpretation. Furthermore, it explains how scholars oppose that psychoanalysis is not a science. Psychoanalysis initiated by Sigmund Fred (1856) can be defined as a treatment that utilises techniques in the form examining an individual’s emotion using the unconscious mind, as well as an understanding of an individual’s mental being…

    • 1086 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays