In my paper I am going to explain the theories of operant and classical conditioning. Classical and operant conditioning are two main types of associative learning. Associative learning happens when we form associations or connections, among stimuli and behaviors. Associative learning helps us to foresee the future based on past experience and has survival advantages. For instance, if B happens, then C is more than likely to follow. There are also many other types of associative learning such as, non-associative and observational learning. Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner were the two behavioral psychologists that developed the ideas of classical and operant conditioning.
Classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs through …show more content…
The child initially showed no fear of a rat, but after the presentation of the rat was paired repeatedly with loud, scary sounds. Little Albert would cry when the rat was present. The child’s fear also compared to other fuzzy white animals such as a bunny. Prior to the conditioning, the rat was an example of neutral stimulus. The unconditioned stimulus was the changing sounds and the unconditioned response was the fear created by the loud noise. Pairing the rat with the unconditioned stimulus, the rat came to evoke the fear response. In addition, Little Albert showed fear from white fuzzy animals such as the rat and …show more content…
Positive reinforcement increases the frequency of its associated behavior by producing a desired outcome. In the premack principle, whatever behavior an organism spends the most time and energy doing is likely to be an important behavior to that organism. The effects of positive reinforcement tend to be more powerful than the effects of punishment. For instance, if you ignore other people’s desirable behaviors instead of reinforcing them, you run the risk of extinguishing the behavior. Conditioned of secondary reinforcers are items that gain value and the ability to influence behavior by being associated with other things we value. For instance, we value money, grades, and
Classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs through …show more content…
The child initially showed no fear of a rat, but after the presentation of the rat was paired repeatedly with loud, scary sounds. Little Albert would cry when the rat was present. The child’s fear also compared to other fuzzy white animals such as a bunny. Prior to the conditioning, the rat was an example of neutral stimulus. The unconditioned stimulus was the changing sounds and the unconditioned response was the fear created by the loud noise. Pairing the rat with the unconditioned stimulus, the rat came to evoke the fear response. In addition, Little Albert showed fear from white fuzzy animals such as the rat and …show more content…
Positive reinforcement increases the frequency of its associated behavior by producing a desired outcome. In the premack principle, whatever behavior an organism spends the most time and energy doing is likely to be an important behavior to that organism. The effects of positive reinforcement tend to be more powerful than the effects of punishment. For instance, if you ignore other people’s desirable behaviors instead of reinforcing them, you run the risk of extinguishing the behavior. Conditioned of secondary reinforcers are items that gain value and the ability to influence behavior by being associated with other things we value. For instance, we value money, grades, and