Interleukin 6- Interleukin 8- Interleukin 12p70- Interleukin…
Effect of temperature Results In this experiment, results from two Procambarus propinquus (crayfish) were collected to observe the difference in oxygen consumption at different acclimated temperatures. These cray fish were collected from Medway Creek in London, and acclimated to their new environment and temperatures. The crayfish were exposed to the cold environment having an average temperature of 7° or warm having an average of 22°. An unpaired, two-tailed t test was performed to determine if there would be a change in O2 consumption between 2 individual crayfish.…
In 1981, George Streisinger and his colleagues began to use zebrafish as a model organism for research. Since then, they have become a popular model organism for biomedical research. Zebrafish primarily have been used to study vertebrate development, evolution, genetics, and disease. Zebrafish are popular as pets and genetically modified, glow-in-the-dark zebrafish have been developed for the aquaria trade as well. Zebrafish have many attributes that make it a popular model organism for biomedical research.…
Measurements from 0 to 30 minutes were excluded from our data because when compared to the data from times 30-60 of both cold and warm acclimated crayfish, it was evident that the crayfish were undergoing physiological stress. This is likely due to how the crayfish were in the same tank compensating for two weeks and were then moved to conduct experiment. There is an expected time where the crayfish experience stress in a new environment which is not reflective of their adaption to new temperatures. In the case of the crayfish worked with in this experiment they took longer than usual to adapt to their new environment The oxygen consumption levels increased during the 30-60 minute time period for both the warm and cold acclimated crayfish due to the absent of threat, so they ended up…
3. As you are working in the lab, you discover a new TLR (TLR23), which recognizes a pathogen of significant human health concern. Your task, whether or not you choose to accept it, is to fully characterize the molecule. If you are successful, you will definitely finish graduate school and move forward in your career as a scientist. (30 pts) a. Design an experiment to determine if “TLR23” recognizes a bacteria or a virus.…
This species was introduced into the UK in the 1970s as food source. It spread quickly up and downstream and human introduction, although illegal, is still continuing. It may travel over land to colonise near freshwater. Its negative impact is mainly due to the loss of the native crayfish species, the white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) through spread of disease and direct competition. Furthermore, the Signal crayfish is also impacting the river banks as it uses to burrow into them, creating instability of the vegetation and the ground.…
Red lobster is one of the world’s most famous casual/family seafood restaurants. It is been a staple of downtown Silver Spring’s eclectic dining community for more than 15 years. It is located just 10 minutes away from the Silver Spring Metro station, which allows the restaurant to have easy access to parking and transportation. Since downtown Silver Spring is a social and cultural melting pot, many different demographics have eaten at Red Lobster; however, I would say their main target market is definitely families and people between the ages of 29 to 55.…
The invasive effects of Dreissena polymorpha on native mussels within the Great Lakes region The Great Lakes area once supported an abundant number of freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Unionacea). The invasion of Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) has decimated these populations, by outcompeting native mussels in dispersal rates, and reproduction, due to enhanced survival mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms that have allowed Zebra mussels to out complete native fresh water mussels, will provide insight into possible mechanisms that can stop the spread of Zebra mussels, and help with the survival of native mussels. Griffiths et al. conducted length-frequency analysis of the Zebra mussel population, before 1988 (prediscovery) and between…
SeaWorld is a multi-million dollar corporation that serves as home for 23 of arguably some of the oceans’ most beautiful creatures. Blackfish is trying to change that with a very captivating argument. Although emotionally compelling, Blackfish is an invalid argument against captivity, It offers a solution and demonstrates practicality, which makes it an argument of policy. However, it is not a valid one, for it lacks a strong and reliable foundation of evidence to support its reasoning for the solution it demands. Blackfish presents former trainers and scientific representatives who present facts about SeaWorld, as well as scientific claims that object to captivity.…
There are many biotic factors that are being impacted in the lake’s ecosystem. However, the most affected animals include the crayfish, clams, and mayfly. Crayfish need calcium in order to maintain a healthy exoskeleton. However, when a lake’s pH decreases, most of the minerals diminish as well. Affecting the crayfish in the process as they are weak and their source of food is being limited as well.…
Silent but deadly. It might be too late to save the aquatic animals in the Great Lakes from migrant species that have come to take over, and make a new home. Shipping vessels coming from other waters carry many unwanted guests, known as invasive species, to make home in our waters in the United States. Invasive species hiding in the ballast of ships entering the Great Lakes damage the Great Lakes’ ecosystem.…
Killer whales, also known as orcas, are the largest members of the dolphin family and the top predator in their ecosystem. They are one of the most intelligent marine creatures, especially due to their acute senses of sight and hearing. This mammal has an added part of the brain that allows the orcas to communicate between orcas. This language allows them to be social between other whales and also social with human beings. Their beauty has astounded humans for generations, but for many orcas captivity limits their freedom and their quality of life.…
Free the Blackfish In summer of 2013 the documentary Blackfish premiered in select theaters and on CNN. This film highlights the unbearable reality of SeaWorld -- behind closed doors. It focuses on Tilikum, a 12,500 pound bull Orca (Cowperthwaite). Tilikum’s tragic story became the inspiration for the documentary.…
Zebra mussels are a small bivalve mollusk that originate from Eastern Europe and Western Asia (kdheks.gov). Zebra Mussels get their name because, of their cream and black stripes on their shells. Zebra mussels have small dime sized, triangle shaped shells. Zebra Mussels in large numbers are known as colonies and can contain millions of individual mussels. They’re known as an exotic invasive species because they are nonnative to US waters.…
We hypothesized that higher levels of serotonin will have an effect on the crayfish aggression. Our data does not support our hypothesis as there is no significant difference in the aggression scores of the crayfish before the drug treatment (naïve fight) and after (drugged fight). While analyzing the data, we found the presence of winner and loser effect. Other factor such as sex may have influenced our results. However, a t- test revealed that there is no significant impact of sex on the aggression of the crayfish.…