Many of the innocent civilians ended up being killed in conflicts. More than the 80% of all deaths caused by the Arab Spring are in Syria. Clear enough, this is what hits the refugees hardest and worst.
It was the Syrian Civil War what had started the immigration crisis, though it was not towards the Europe at the beginning but it actually is mainly towards Europe. Refugees cannot stay in Turkey whence they go to Europe for this extremely important reason: They cannot work in Turkey due to their social status though the AKP government granted the refugees citizenship to get their votes. So the refugees from Syria have to reach Europe.
To put it briefly the difficulties the refugees face are the Dublin Regulation which unables the refugees to go further in Schengen countries, the horrific life conditions they confront, and the haematic civil war ongoing in their homelands. But no matter how bad the conditions are, they preferred to live rather than breaking into pieces in the Middle East and they have to make it to